Hg^(2+)浓度和藻类食物密度对多刺裸腹溞生命表统计学参数的影响  

Effects of mercury concentration on life table demography of Moina macrocopa under different Scenedesmus obliquus densities

作　　者：黄亚[1] 汪玲[1] 穆维平[1] 任彤彤[1] 潘玲[1] 席贻龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院/皖江城市带退化生态系统的恢复与重建安徽省协同创新中心,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第12期3858-3864,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30470323;31170395);地方高校国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201310370002);国家级大学生校外实践教育基地"安徽师范大学-中国科学院东湖生态系统试验站理科实践教育基地"项目;安徽省重要生物资源的保护与利用研究省级重点实验室项目;安徽高校生物环境和生态安全省级重点实验室项目资助

摘　　要：为了比较不同食物密度下污染物浓度对受试生物的慢性毒性,以多刺裸腹溞作为受试生物,石开究了斜生栅藻密度较低(0.5×10~6cells·mL^(-1))、中等(1.0×10~6cells·mL^(-1))和较高(2.0×10~6cells·mL^(-1))条件下不同Hg^(2+)浓度(0、0.4、1.1、1.8、2.5、3.2和3.9μg·L^(-1))对多刺裸腹溞生命表统计学参数的影响.结果表明:在较低和较高的食物密度下,一定浓度的Hg^(2+)对多刺裸腹溞的存活、生殖乃至种群增长具有不利的影响;但中等食物密度下其不利影响消失.与对照相比,较低食物密度下,0.4~2.5和3.9μg·L^(-1)的Hg^(2+)显著缩短了多刺裸腹溞的生命期望,0.4、1.1、2.5和3.9μg·L^(-1)的Hg^(2+)显著缩短了世代时间,1.1、2.5和3.9μg·L^(-1)的Hg^(2+)显著降低了净生殖率,3.9μg·L^(-1)的Hg^(2+)显著降低了总生殖率.在较高的食物密度下,1.1μg·L^(-1)的Hg^(2+)显著降低了多刺裸腹溞的种群内禀增长率;3.9μg·L^(-1)的Hg^(2+)显著降低了多刺裸腹溞的生命期望和净生殖率.但在中等食物密度下3.2μg·L^(-1)的Hg^(2+)显著延长了多刺裸腹溞的生命期望.在较低的食物密度下,Hg^(2+)浓度与多刺裸腹溞的生命期望、世代时间和总生殖率之间均具有显著的剂量-效应关系;但在中等和较高的食物密度下,Hg^(2+)浓度与多刺裸腹溞的生命表统计学参数间均无显著的剂量-效应关系.In order to compare the chronic toxicity of pollutants to organisms in an aquatic environment under different food densities,the cladoceran Moina macrocopa was used as test animal to investigate the effects of Hg^2＋ concentrations（0,0.4,1.1,1.8,2.5,3.2 and 3.9 μg·L^-1） on its life table demography under low（0.5×10^6 cells·mL^-1）,medium（1.0×10^6 cells·mL^-1） and high（2.0×10^6 cells·mL^-1） densities of Scenedesmus obliquus.The results showed that at low and high food levels,certain concentrations of Hg^2＋ had inhibitory effects on survival,reproduction and population growth of M.macrocopa.However,at the medium food level,the inhibitory effects disappeared.Compared with the control,at the low food level,Hg at 0.4-2.5 and 3.9 μg·L^-1 significantly decreased the life expectancy at hatching,Hg at 0.4,1.1,2.5 and 3.9 μg·L^-1decreased the generation time,Hg at 1.1,2.5 and 3.9 μg·L^-1 decreased the net reproduction rate,and Hg at 3.9 μg·L^-1 decreased the gross reproduction rate of M.macrocopa.At the high food level,Hg at 1.1μg·L^-1 decreased the intrinsic rate of population increase,and Hg at 3.9 μg·L^-1 decreased the life expectancy at hatching and the net reproduction rate of M.macrocopa.However,at the medium food level,Hg at 3.2 μg·L^-1 increased the life expectancy at hatching of M.macrocopa.When S.obliquus density was 0.5×10^6 cells·mL^-1,there were significant dose-effect relationships between Hg^2＋ concentration and the life expectancy at hatching,the generation time as well as the cross reproduction rate of M.macrocopa.However,when S.obliquus density was 1.0×10 or 2.0×10^6 cells·mL^-1,there were no any significant dose-effect relationships between Hg^2＋concentration and each of the life table demographic parameters of M.macrocopa.

关 键 词：Hg^2+浓度 多刺裸腹溞 斜生栅藻密度 生命表统计学参数 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]