江苏高校新生健康知识与行为现况  

Health related knowledge and behaviors among freshmen in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：杜国平[1] 资海荣[2] 郭艳[2] 杨秀丽[3] 张丽苇[4] 罗文虎[5] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学医院,江苏南京210018 [2]东南大学公共卫生学院 [3]苏州大学医院 [4]南京师范大学医院 [5]江苏科技大学医院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第11期1624-1626,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：江苏省社科重点项目(13TYA001);江苏省教育科学十二五规划重点资助课题项目(B-a/2013/01/038)

摘　　要：目的 了解大一新生健康知识与健康行为现状,为开展学生健康教育提供依据.方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,以自编的“大学新生健康知识与健康行为调查问卷”对江苏省10所学生体质健康促进行动试验高校的8 388名2013级新生进行自填式匿名问卷调查.结果 大一新生总体健康知识知晓率为78.43％,不同性别、民族、家庭居住地、是否独生子女及省内外生源健康知识知晓率差异均有统计学意义（t/F值分别为12.192,6.909,21.574,6.072,2.642,P值均＜0.01）.大一新生总体健康行为形成率为66.36％,不同性别、民族、省内外生源之间健康行为形成率差异均有统计学意义（t/F值分别为8.653,2.649,2.779,P值均＜0.01）.20个健康知识点知晓率在45.39％～98.35％之间,15个健康行为形成率在38.11％～95.59％之间.结论 大一新生总体健康知识知晓率和行为形成率尚未达到国家规定要求.高校健康教育工作较为薄弱,大学生健康知识教育与健康行为的培养亟待加强.Objective To understand health related knowledge and behavior among college freshman, and to further pro- vide basis for health education and promotion. Methods By random cluster sampling method, 8 388 freshmen in 2013 from 10 e01- leges and universities who were taking physical health examination in Jiangsu were chosen. Self-designed questionnaire eoncerning health related knowledge and behavior was administered and input by using EpiData software. SPSS 19.0 and SAS 9.2 software was used for data processing and analysis. Results Overall health related knowledge awareness rate among college freshmen was 78.43%. Formation rate of health behavior was 66.36%. Health related knowledge differed significantly in gender and ethnic groups, residence, only-child or not, hometown （ t/F = 12.192,6.909,21.574,6.072,2.642, P 〈 0.01）. There was significant difference in formation of health behavior in gender, ethnic groups and hometown （P〈0.01）. Accuracy rates of the responses to each health knowledge and behavior item were 45.39%-98.35% and 38.11%-95.59%, respectively. Conclusion The health knowledge and health behavior formation rates of freshmen have not reached the national standards. Health education and intervention aiming to im- proved health related knowledge and behavior need to be encouraged.

关 键 词：健康素养 知识 行为 学生 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R181.37[文化科学—教育技术学]