西部地区高二学生结核病知识态度行为及其相关因素  

Investigation on the knowledge,attitude and behavior of tuberculosis prevention and control among high school students in western areas of China

作　　者：袁立[1,2] 谢言 蒋伟利[1,2] 李旭亮[1,2] 赵琦[1,2] 徐飚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,上海200032 [2]复旦大学健康风险预警治理协同创新中心 [3]上海普陀区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第11期1648-1652,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中国结核病实施性研究项目(TB12-007)

摘　　要：目的 了解西部地区高中生结核病防治知识态度行为现状,为开展健康教育和结核病防治工作提供依据.方法 在四川、贵州、云南3省的11所学校共随机整群抽取857名高二学生,对其进行结核病防治知识信念行为现状调查.结果 高中生结核病防治核心知识总知晓率为61.3％,知识得分合格率为63.8％,四川的学生知识得分合格率较高（OR=3.398,95％CI=2.125～5.432）.受调查者结核病防治态度总体正答率为91.04％,23.9％的学生对结核存在消极态度,来自四川（与云南相比,OR=2.613,95％CI=1.523～4.482）和贵州（与云南相比,OR=3.378,95％CI=2.000～ 5.707）、家人无结核病史（OR=4.512,95％CI=1.010～ 20.167）的学生消极态度比例较高.98.2％的学生愿意了解有关知识,97.5％愿意参加宣传活动.受调查者结核病防治行为总正确率为31.9％,曾主动了解和向别人讲过结核病知识的学生分别占27.7％和29.3％;学生知识得分合格的学生曾主动讲过知识的比例更高（x2=25.798,P＜0.01）.学生获得结核病知识的途径排名前三为电视（66.9％）、报刊杂志（61.3％）和口口相传（57.2％）.结论 西部地区高中学生结核病防治知识总知晓率较低,对结核病防治态度积极但行为消极,学校结核病健康教育薄弱.应重点加强学校健康教育工作,并纳入社会宣传渠道,开展形式多样的教育活动.Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of tuberculosis （ TB ） prevention and control a- mong high school students in western areas to provide scientific basis of health education for TB prevention and control.Methods Eleven counties were selected in Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan province, and one senior high school was purposely sampled in each county. A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among 857 students of grade 2 in the 11 selected schools. Results The awareness rate of the core knowledge on TB prevention was 61.3%, qualified rate was 63.8%. Higher scores were found a- mong students who were from Sichuan province（OR= 3.398, 95%C1= 2.125-5.432）. The total correct attitude rate was 91.04%, and 23.9% of the students had negative attitude towards TB or TB patients.The rate of negative attitude was higher in those from Si- chuan （ compared with Yunnan, OR = 2.613,95% CI = 1.523- 4.482 ）, from Guizhou （ compared with Yunnan, OR = 3.378,95 % CI = 2.000-5.707） ,and in those whose family had no TB history（ 0R=4.512,95%C1=4.512,95%CI= 1.010-20.167）. About 98.2% students were willing to Study the knowledge while 97.5% were willing to take part in activities. Meanwhile, the correct behavior rate was 31.9% and the proportion of students who had ever learned the knowledge actively and who had ever disseminated the knowledge were 27.7% and 29.3%, respectively.The proportion of students who disseminated the knowledge was higher in those who were qualified in the knowledge test（X2= 25.798,P〈0.01）. The top three ways students had access of TB prevention and control knowledge were TV （ 66.9%） , newspaper and magazine （61.3%） and word of mouth （57.2%）. Conclusion High school students in western areas of China had poor TB knowledge and negative behavior, although their attitudes towards TB prevention and control were possitive.School TB health education is weak. Improved public education is required.Various kinds of education should be held including social

关 键 词：潜伏性结核病 知识 态度 因素分析 学生 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R52[文化科学—教育技术学]