生草栽培对南方鲜食枣园土壤理化性质的影响  

Influences of sod culture on soil physical and chemical characteristics of fresh jujube orchard in Southern China

作　　者：李承想 袁德义[1,2,3] 韩志强[1,2,3] 张琳[1,2,3] 陈文涛[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与利用湖南省2011协同创新中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2015年第4期70-74,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项"南方鲜食枣规模化经营技术研究与示范"(201204407);"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2013BAD14B03)

摘　　要：为探寻适宜南方鲜食枣园生草栽培的草种，以白三叶、1年生黑麦草和多年生黑麦草为试材，在鲜食枣园分区分别进行生草栽培试验，通过与清耕区的对比，研究不同处理对土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明：①白三叶生草栽培条件下枣园0～15、15～30、30～45 cm的土壤含水量分别比对照高出37.5%、22.4%、15.6%；夏季白三叶生草栽培区地表和20 cm土层的温度分别比对照降低了4.8和6.4℃，降温保墒效果优于其它处理。②与对照相比，白三叶生草栽培区的土壤容重降低，土壤总孔隙度大幅增加，各处理的土壤总孔隙度由高到低依次为白三叶、多年生黑麦草、1年生黑麦草、对照；③生草区0～15 cm土层土壤养分含量都比对照高，各处理土壤有机质、全磷、全钾、速效氮含量增加幅度由高到低依次为白三叶、多年生黑麦草、1年生黑麦草、对照，各处理土壤全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量增幅由高到低依次为白三叶、1年生黑麦草、多年生黑麦草、对照。In order to explore suitable grass for fresh jujube orchard in Southern China, using white clover,Lolium multilforumand L. perenne as test materials, sod cultivation experiments on fresh jujube were carried out and the effect of different treatments on soil physical and chemical characteristics were studied. The results showed that：① In the condition of culturing white clover, water storage of 0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm soil layers could be increase by 37.5%, 22.4% and 15.6% respectively compared with CK; white clover decreased temperature of soil surface and 20 cm soil layers by 4.8 and 6.4℃ compared with CK; The effect of white clover decreasing temperature and soil moisture conservation was better than the other treatments;② In addition, sod culture could decrease soil bulk density and increase soil porosity compared with CK, the order of the treatments based on soil porosity from high to low was： white clover,L. perenne,L. multilforum, CK;③Nutrient contents in the 0-15 cm soil layers at all sod culture areas were higher than CK, the order of the treatments was white clover, L. perenne,L. multilforum, CK, based on the increasing ranges of soil organic matter, total P, total K and available N contents from high to low, and the order of the treatments was white clover,L. multilforum,L. perenne, CK, based on the increasing ranges of total N, available P and available K from high to low.

关 键 词：生草栽培 鲜食枣园 土壤 理化性质 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学] S62[农业科学—园艺学]