芜湖市不同等级医院护士生存质量及其影响因素研究  

A Study on Life Quality and Influencing Factors among Nurses in Hospitals of Different Grades in Wuhu city

作　　者：芮蓓[1] 豆正东[2] 金岳龙[3] 王俊[4] 

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院护理学院,安徽芜湖241002 [2]芜湖市疾病预防控制中心,安徽芜湖241001 [3]皖南医学院公共卫生学院,安徽芜湖241002 [4]皖南医学院教务处,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自科版）（下旬）》2015年第12期100-104,5,共5页Journal of Yangtze University

基　　金：安徽省高校省级人文社会科学研究项目(SK2013B546)

摘　　要：目的:了解芜湖市不同等级医院护士生存质量现状及其影响因素,为改善当地护士生存质量提供理论依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取芜湖市不同等级医院的临床护士842名,采用个人基本情况调查表、世界卫生组织生存质量评定量表简表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表进行自评。结果:842例护士自评生存质量在生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域和环境领域得分分别是(24.05±3.60)、(19.56±3.26)、(10.46±1.80)分和(23.71±4.15)分,除社会关系领域低于常模外,其他3个领域均高于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。三级医院被调查护士的生存质量总分均低于一级和二级医院,而焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表得分均高于一级和二级医院,且均有统计学差异(P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示全部调查对象的健康状态越差、焦虑和抑郁自评得分越高的护士生存质量自评总分越低,而工龄越长、进行业余学习的护士自评总分越高;月收入高、焦虑和抑郁自评得分越高的三级医院护士生存质量自评总分越低,而工龄越长、工作满意度越高、进行业余学习的自评得分越高。结论:三级医院护士生存质量相对较低,而抑郁、焦虑比例较高,应予以关注,相关部门应采取针对性措施,改善三级医院护士的生存质量和心理健康状况。Objective:To understand the nurses' status of life quality and influencing factors in the hospitals of different grades in Wuhu city,and to provide the theoretical basis for improving their life quality.Methods:842nurses from the hospitals of different grades in Wuhu city had been selected by the cluster random sampling,and the self-designed general situation questionnaire,the World Health Organization Quality of Life(WHOQOL)-BREF,the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)had been used for self-assessment.Results:The scores of the physical field(24.05±3.60),the psychological field(19.56±3.26)and the environmental field(23.71±4.15)from842subjects were all higher than the norm(P<0.01),while the scores of social relations(10.46±1.80)were lower than the norm.There was a statistical significance(P<0.01).The WHOQOL-BREF scores of tertiary hospitals were lower than those of both primary and secondary hospitals,but SAS and SDS scores of the tertiary hospitals were higher than those from the primary hospitals and the secondary hospitals;there were significant differences.Multiple regression analysis showed that the nurses in poorer health condition with higher scores of self-rating anxiety and depression had the lower scores of WHOQOL-BREF,while the nurses of longer working years studying in their spare time had the higher scores of WHOQOL-BREF;the nurses from the tertiary hospitals with higher monthly income,higher scores of self-rating anxiety and depression had the lower scores of WHOQOL-BREF,while the nurses of longer working years,higher job satisfaction,studying in spare time had higher scores.Conclusion:The life quality of nurses in the tertiary hospitals is relatively low,and the proportion of nurses' self-reported depression and anxiety are higher.Relevant measurements should be implemented to improve the life quality and mental health of nurses in the tertiary hospitals.

关 键 词：护士 生存质量 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]