基于SRP模型的自然灾害多发区生态脆弱性时空分异研究——以辽宁省朝阳县为例  

Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Ecological Vulnerability Under the Frequency of Natural Hazard Based on SRP Model:A Case Study in Chaoyang County

作　　者：李永化[1] 范强[1,2] 王雪[1] 席建超[2] 王诗阳[1] 杨俊[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学自然地理与空间信息科学辽宁省重点实验室,辽宁大连116029 [2]辽宁工程技术大学测绘与地理科学学院,辽宁阜新123000 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理科学》2015年第11期1452-1459,共8页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171137);2013年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201310165001);辽宁省创新团队项目(wt2011002)资助

摘　　要：依据辽宁省朝阳县生态环境特点,利用朝阳县2003、2006、2009、2012年4个年份的气候、降水量、遥感影像、土壤与数字高程模型（DEM）等基础数据,利用GIS结合SRP模型研究辽宁省朝阳县2003~2012年间的生态脆弱性。研究表明：1 2003、2006、2009年朝阳县的生态脆弱性呈逐年恶化趋势,2006、2009年微度脆弱的面积较2003、2006年分别有所减小,比率分别为15.99%,10.86%;2006、2009年轻度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱、极度脆弱的面积较2003、2006年均出现不同程度的增加,其中,生态脆弱性偏高的地方主要分布在工业发达、人口众多、地势较高的城乡住宅用地及农业区。到2012年朝阳县生态脆弱性开始有所好转。2胜利乡是生态脆弱性最严重的地区,极度脆弱、重度脆弱、中度脆弱的面积分布中胜利乡均分布最多,比率分别为14.15%,10.26%,8.84%,七道岭乡是生态脆弱性最弱的地区,微度脆弱比率为6.42%。Based on the characteristics of ecological environment in Chaoyang county of Liaoning Province,this essay studies the ecological vulnerability within Chaoyang county in 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012 by utilizing SRP（Sensitivity-Recovery-Pressure） model with meteorological data such as rainfall, RS data and soil data, DEM（Digital Elevation model） data and so on to determine ecological pressure factor including the pressure of Population activity and economic activity, ecological sensitivity factor including the earth surface factor, meteorological factor and soil factor, ecological stability factor including landscape structure, ecological function and ecological energy, based on GIS. The results are as follows： 1） The ecological vulnerability in Chaoyang county is in decline in 2003, 2006 and 2009, and reverses in 2012. Among these four years, the area where the ecology is lightly vulnerable in 2006 and 2009 is decreasing by 15.99% and 10.86% respectively,compared with that in 2003 and 2006, while the area where the ecology is lightly, moderately, heavily and extremely vulnerable in 2006 and 2009 is on the increase at various paces, compared with that in 2003 and 2006respectively; 2） In all of these four years the area where the ecology is seriously vulnerable is mainly located in such region where the industry is developed and highly populated, and where the elevation is quite high; 3）Victory village is the most vulnerable region in ecology, where the extremely（14.15%）, heavily（10.26%） and moderately（8.84%） vulnerable areas are located most, while Qidaoling village is the less vulnerable region,with 6.42% is slightly vulnerable.

关 键 词：生态脆弱性 SRP模型 自然灾害 朝阳县 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]