黄秋葵对铀胁迫的光合生理响应及吸收特征  

Photosynthetic Physiological Response and Uranium Accumulation of Plant Abelmoschus esculentus under the Uranium Stress

作　　者：贾文甫 罗学刚[2] 陈功亮 王佳[1] 何秀红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院 [2]西南科技大学核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第10期41-47,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家核设施退役及放射性废物治理科研重点项目资助(14ZG6101)

摘　　要：实验模拟尾矿区土壤铀污染,采用盆栽试验,研究了黄秋葵对铀(U)的抗逆性及富集能力。结果表明:(1)所设浓度土壤铀污染未明显抑制植物生长,土壤铀浓度500 mg/kg时,地上部干重较对照提高63.23%,表明实验浓度未达到影响黄秋葵生长的阈值;(2)土壤铀污染对黄秋葵叶片气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)影响明显,250 mg/kg铀处理时分别为对照的178.9%和158.6%;500 mg/kg铀处理时,叶片的相对可变荧光(V_J)降低4.54%,250 mg/kg处理时ψo为对照的81.51%,φEo为对照的66.88%,PI_(abs)为对照的65.66%;(3)黄秋葵对铀的富集浓度在500 mg/kg处理下达到最大,地上部、地下部铀浓度分别达到30.18 mg/kg和207.89 mg/kg;BCF和TF在中低浓度时较高,最大值分别出现在100 mg/kg和50 mg/kg处理下。黄秋葵对铀具有较强抗性及富集能力。Soil pollution of uranium tailing was simulated in the laboratory,and pot experiment was done to study the resistance and enrichment capacity of Abelmoschus esculentus,and results showed that the uranium concentration of soil did not obviously inhibit the growth of plant.The dry weight of shoots was 63.23% higher than the contrast when the concentration of uranium in the soil was 500 mg/kg,which indicated that the concentration of uranium has not yet reached the threshold which affected the growth of Abelmoschus esculentus. Great changes have been brought about to the leaves＇ stomatal conductance（Gs） and transpiration rate（Tr） under uranium contamination,which were 178.9% and 158.6% of contrast with uranium concentration of 250 mg/kg in the soil respectively. Relative variable fluorescence（VJ） of leaves reduced by 4.54% in the 500 mg/kg concentration of U,Ψo,φEo and PIabs were 81.51%,66.88% and 65.66% of contrast respectively. The enrichment concentration of Abelmoschus esculentus reached the maximum when being dealt with the uranium concentration of 500 mg/kg,U-concentration in shoots of Abelmoschus esculentus could reach 30.18 mg/kg,and207.89 mg/kg in roots. BCF and TF peaked in the U concentration of 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively. The uranium stress resistance and enrichment capacity of Abelmoschus esculentus proved to be strong.

关 键 词：铀 黄秋葵 光合生理 吸收富集 植物修复 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]