一株苯胺降解菌的分离及其降解特性  

Isolation and characterization of an aniline-degrading bacterium

作　　者：张浩[1] 刘玉香[1] 呼婷婷[1] 赵晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,太原030024

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2015年第12期6154-6160,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51078252);山西省科技攻关项目(20140321013-04)

摘　　要：从某城市生活污水处理厂曝气池的活性污泥中分离出一株以苯胺为唯一碳源和氮源的高效降解菌Z1。通过16S rDNA基因序列分析,初步鉴定菌株。结果表明,菌株Z1为假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp.）。该菌株最适生长和降解条件为pH 6.0-8.0、30℃、盐度0.1%-1.0%。在此条件下,16 h内能够将400 mg/L的苯胺降解完全,且当苯胺初始浓度为1 300 mg/L时,苯胺的最大降解速率为41.4 mg/（L·h）,32 h内降解率达到98%。菌株对苯胺的最大耐受浓度为1 800mg/L。当苯胺和苯酚共存时,苯胺的降解效果随着苯酚浓度的增大而减小,当苯酚浓度达到370 mg/L时,Z1无法降解苯胺。添加氯化铵做外加氮源能解决高浓度苯酚和苯胺共降解的问题。在苯胺降解过程中大约有43%苯胺态氮转化成氨氮释放到环境中。A bacterial strain Z1 capable of efficiently degrading aniline was isolated and it was seen as single carbon source and nitrogen source,from activated sludge of a urban sewage treatment plant＇s aeration tank.According to 16 S rDNA gene sequence,preliminary identification was made. The results showed that the strain Z1 was Pseudomonas sp. The optimal growth and degradation conditions of Z1 were 30℃,pH 7. 0 and salinity0. 1% —1. 5%. Z1 was able to almost degrade 400 mg/L aniline within 16 h. When the aniline initial concentration was 1 300 mg/L,the maximum degradation rate of aniline was 41. 4 mg/（ L·h） and degradation rate was 98. 3% within 32 h. Strain Z1 can grow in the medium containing aniline at the concentration up to 1 800 mg/L. When aniline and phenol were seen as complex pollutants,the effect of aniline degradation decreased with the increase of phenol concentration by strain Z1. When phenol was above 370 mg/L,aniline was not degraded almost. Adding ammonium chloride could solve the degradation problem. About 43% aniline-derived nitrogen was released as ammonia in the process of aniline degradation.

关 键 词：苯胺 苯酚 PSEUDOMONAS sp. 生物降解 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]