民事诉讼立法预期与运行效果的背离及修正——以《民事诉讼法》新制度实施状况为范例的分析  

Analysis of the Deviation and Revision on Legislative Expectation and Operating Results about the Civil Procedure Law: Taking the Judicial Practice about the New Provisions in the Civil Procedure Law as an Example

作　　者：安晨曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学法学院,海口570228

出　　处：《现代法学》2015年第6期173-184,共12页Modern Law Science

基　　金：2013年国家社科基金项目"我国转型社会中的法治思维研究"(13BFX010)

摘　　要：《民事诉讼法》在地方法院运行中存在着"软执行"现象。辩证地看待法定制度被搁置、规避、改装、误用等千姿百态的操作惯例,反映出立法预期的非实践性弊端。修法后新增制度的尴尬运作,表现为低频适用与运作偏差两种类型。程序非正常运行的外生因素,主要是程序规则建构的粗犷性与架构性、司法自由裁量权与绩效考核制度、基层司法官的智识与司法偏好以及建构论唯理主义的立法模式。运行效果不佳局面的修复,虽然最终还需期冀于制度的设计,但当下的修缮作业应当是在民事诉讼法学研究方法论上逐步重视实证研究、秉持民事诉讼的精细化立法理念、尝试民事诉讼的试验主义立法进路。There is a ＂soft-execution＂ phenomenon in the judicial practice of local court about the Civil Procedure Law. The legislative expectation with non-practical drawbacks has been reflected from the fact that dialectically viewing of the provisions have been set aside, avoided, altered, misapplied and other operating practices. After the embarrassed operating of new provisions in the Civit Procedure Law after modification, it has shown two types of traits ： the low application rate and the deviation of operation. The mainly exogenous fac- tors of abnormal operation of the procedure are approximate and simple structure of procedural rules of construc- tion, judicial discretion and performance appraisal system, the local level judicial officer＇ s intellectual and ＇judicial preferences and the constructive mode of legislation with rationalism. If we want to change the poor operating situation, even though the final hope is the design from the tip, the current renovation work should be a gradual emphasis on empirical research on the methodology of civil procedure law, holding the concept of fine legislation and experimenting on the way of civil procedure legislation.

关 键 词：程序异化 实证主义方法论 精细化立法 试验主义进路 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]