汉语方位结构左右偏置的主观性及类型学意义  

On the Subjectivity of Left-right Branching Locative Constructions and Its Typological Implications

作　　者：李国宏[1] 刘萍[1] 毛帅梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学外国语学院,四川成都610039 [2]湖南工程学院外国语学院,湖南湘潭411104

出　　处：《外国语》2015年第6期2-11,共10页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：西华大学社科重点基金项目"类型学视野下的汉语易位成份研究"(ZW1411138);湖南省教育科学"十二五"规划大学英语专项课题"基于认知语言观的大学英语教学策略研究"(XJK12YYB008)

摘　　要："在/向+方所"结构是汉语典型的方位结构,可灵活置于动词左右两个位置。共时分析表明,左置式是对言者的述谓,具有主观性,右置式是对谓语动词的述谓,具有客观性;历时上,左置式后于右置式出现,是方位结构主观化后导致的句法嬗变,这表明汉语方位结构主观化机制符合VO语言的演变倾向,是汉语作为强势VO语言的一个重要佐证。As typical locative constructions in Mandarin Chinese, ＂Zai/Xiang ＋ noun phrase ＋ （ locative particles） ＂ can either precede or follow the verb in a sentence. Synchronic analysis shows that the pre-verb （left-branching） con- structions are more subjective in the sense that they are predicative of the speaker, while the post-verb （ right-branch- ing） constructions are more objective as they are predicative of the sentential verb. This finding is further justified by the diaehronic subjectification of the locative constructions. Historically, the subjective left-branching constructions derive from the objective right-branching constructions. This subjectification mechanism conforms to the typical per- fomlance of VO language, another proof that modem Chinese is a typical VO language.

关 键 词：方位结构 左/右偏置 主观性 左移 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]