南通市流动儿童免疫接种率及其影响因素  

Immunization coverage rate of floating children in Nantong and its influencing factors

作　　者：陶长余[1] 章士军[1] 陈郁[1] 张志兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省南通市疾病预防控制中心,226007

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第23期3262-3265,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析南通市流动儿童免疫规划疫苗接种率及其主要影响因素,为制定改进措施提供参考。方法设计调查表,通过整群抽样的方法,对流动儿童483人进行问卷调查,调查儿童免疫接种情况及相关因素。结果 483名流动儿童建卡率、持证率分别为92.34%、98.14%,≥1周岁儿童卡介苗、脊髓灰质炎、百白破、麻疹、乙型肝炎疫苗(五苗)基础免疫接种率分别为86.49%、88.86%、87.44%、90.52%、87.20%,五苗基础免疫全程接种率为80.33%。非条件logistic逐步回归显示,在该地居住时间、家庭年收入、计划免疫相关知识得分、居住地与接种点单位距离、监护人对预防接种服务满意度、服务态度是否影响监护人接种选择等6项是影响流动儿童五苗基础免疫接种的主要因素。结论加大对流动儿童监护人计划免疫知识的宣传力度,加强流动儿童预防接种管理,改善接种服务满意度是提高流动儿童接种率的关键环节。[Objective]To analyze the immunization coverage rate of floating children in Nantong and its influencing factors,provide the basis for formulating improvement measures.[Methods]A total of 483 floating children were selected by cluster sampling and investigated about immunization rates and relevant factors with a self-designed questionnaire.[Results]The rates of establishing cards and holding certificates among 483 floating children were 92.34%and 98.14%.The fundamental immunization coverage rates of BCG,PV,DPT,MV and HepB among children aged more than 1 year old were 86.49%,88.86%,87.44%,90.52%and 87.20%respectively.The full course coverage rate of five vaccines was 80.33%.The unconditional stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that factors which affected coverage rate of vaccines were children＇s dwelling time,annual household income,score of knowledge about programmed immunization,distance between the dwelling house with vaccination unit,satisfaction degree of the guardian on immunization service,the choice of accepting vaccination not influenced by satisfaction degree on immunization service.[Conclusion]The following measures should be the key steps to improve the immunization coverage rate of the floating children,as strengthening the propaganda of immunization knowledge,reinforcing immunization management of the floating children and improving the service satisfaction to vaccination.

关 键 词：流动儿童 免疫规划 接种率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]