改进Top-hat变换的小目标跟踪算法及FPGA实现  

Small target tracking algorithm based on improved Top-hat transformation and implementation based on FPGA

作　　者：齐立立 汪荣贵[1] 张冬梅[1] 王晶[1] 蒋守欢 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《计算机工程与应用》2015年第24期232-237,共6页Computer Engineering and Applications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61075032)

摘　　要：在改进Top-hat变换的基础上,设计并实现了一种基于FPGA的红外小目标实时稳定的跟踪系统。针对经典Top-hat变换对小目标检测的局限性,提出一种改进的Top-hat变换并将其用于对图像中小目标的增强。在此基础上,通过对视频序列中目标的运动估计和基于特征滤波器的空间滤波,稳定有效地计算出小目标的位置。为了将算法移植到FPGA芯片以获取实时的小目标跟踪效果,完成了系统的整体架构设计,并针对模板窗口运算在FPGA内实现的传统方法效率低的特点,设计一种基于FPGA的新型模板窗口计算方法,应用于相关的算法模块中。实验结果表明:系统可以获得良好的检测与跟踪效果,而且能够在20 ms内完成目标位置的计算,满足小目标跟踪的实时性要求。This paper designs and realizes a real-time and stable infrared small target tracking system on FPGA based on modified Top-hat transformation. It modifies the Top-hat transformation and applies it to the target enhancement for the classic Top-hat＇s limitations in target detection. And then, it makes target motion estimation in video sequences and spatial filtering using characteristic filter, then stably and effectively computes the target＇s location. In order to get real-time tracking result, it transplants the tracking algorithm into FPGA chip and fulfills the overall architecture design of the system. To deal with the inefficiency of the template window operation realized by classic method, it designs a new template window compute method and applies it into the relative algorithm module. The experiment results show that the proposed system can detect and track well, and can compute the target location in 20 ms completely, and meet the real-time requirements of the small target tracking.

关 键 词：小目标跟踪 现场可编程门阵列 TOP-HAT变换 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TN911.72[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]