太子河流域不同水生态区EPT群落时空分布特征  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of EPT Community in Different Freshwater Ecoregions in Taizi River Basin

作　　者：李飞龙[1,2,3] 丁森[4] 张远[2,3] 高欣[2,3] 贾小波[2,3] 赵茜[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]中国环境科学研究院流域水生态保护技术研究室,北京100012 [4]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2015年第12期1833-1842,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-001-04);国家自然科学基金项目(41401066)

摘　　要：为了解同一流域不同水生态区EPT〔蜉蝣目（Ephemeroptera）、襀翅目（Plecoptera）、毛翅目（Trichoptera）〕这一敏感类群的时空分布差异及其影响因素,于2009年枯水期（5月）和丰水期（8月）分别对太子河流域3个水生态区进行了野外调查.结果表明：太子河流域上游区域的水生态Ⅰ区EPT物种数（64种）显著高于中下游区域的水生态Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区,其中,仅毛翅目物种数在丰水期显著高于枯水期.典范对应分析（canonical correspondence analysis,CCA）结果显示,水生态Ⅰ区影响EPT群落分布的环境要素为电导率和水温,而水生态Ⅱ区、Ⅲ区则为电导率、φ（细沙）、ρ（BOD5）、ρ（TP）和ρ（NH3-N）.枯水期影响EPT群落分布的因素为电导率、建设用地面积所占比例和ρ（BOD5）,丰水期为电导率、ρ（SS）、耕地面积所占比例和水温.偏线性回归（partial linear regression,PLR）分析显示,水生态Ⅱ区物种和环境要素的模型总解释率最高（均约为0.60）,其他2个区次之（水生态Ⅰ区、Ⅲ区总解释率分别为0.13～0.43、0.13～0.53）,丰水期模型的总解释率为0.33～0.78,而枯水期模型的总解释率为0.43～0.71.相对于单一环境要素模型,不同类型环境要素的联合模型对太子河流域EPT群落空间变异具有更好的解释效力.As a sensitive biological indicator,the Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera and Trichoptera（ EPT） index is widely applied for bioassessment. To explore the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and the key environmental influencing factors for the community index among different ecoregions in the Taizi River Basin,field work on the macroinvertebrate community and environmental factors was conducted in May（ dry season） and August（ rainy season）,2009,among the three aquatic ecoregions（ AE） in the watershed. The results showed that the EPT richness and species composition were significantly different among the three AEs. The EPT richness in AE-Ⅰ was markedly higher than the other two regions. The only seasonal discrepancy was found in the richness of Trichoptera,which was significantly higher in the rainy season than in the dry season.The results of CCA showed that the key environmental factors affecting the EPT community in the AE-Ⅰ were electrical conductivity（ EC） and water temperature（ WT）,whereas they were EC,sand contents,BOD5,the total phosphorus（ TP） and ammonia nitrogen（ NH3-N） in the other AEs. The PLR models were established to identify the correlation between species andenvironmental factors in each AE. The model for AE-Ⅱ had the highest interpretation ability which is approximate 0. 60,followed by AE-Ⅰ（ 0. 13-0. 43） and AE-Ⅲ（ 0. 13-0. 53）. The explanation of rainy season and the dry season suggested by the model were 0. 33-0. 78 and 0. 43-0. 71,respectively. The results of PLR also indicated that,with respect to the single model,the combined model which integrated different types of environmental factors had a better interpretation ability when explaining the spatial variation of EPT community in Taizi River Basin.

关 键 词：EPT群落 水生态区 群落结构 环境要素 太子河流域 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]