限制与保护:清代司法对涉讼女性的特别应对  

Restriction and Protection: Special Judicial Responses to Female Plaintiff and Defendant in Qing Dynasty

作　　者：李相森[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2015年第6期66-74,共9页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"中国传统司法中的理性与经验研究"(项目编号:11BFX016)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：清代司法对涉讼女性予以特别应对:谨慎对待涉及女性的控告呈词;优先选择以批词、调解的方式结案,不轻易传唤女性出庭,避免女性在诉讼中的公开出场;审讯过程中,限制对女性的监禁及刑讯,司法官特别注意面对涉讼女性时的仪态、言语及行动的庄重严肃;对女性执行刑罚时亦有不同于男性的方式方法。在官方表达中,保护女性的名节、颜面是对女性予以特别对待的主因。通过限制女性进入诉讼来保护女性,是男权社会对女性进行"限制性保护"逻辑的产物。面对涉讼女性,司法活动的谨慎、谦抑,实质上是为了符合并维护围绕女性所形成的社会伦理道德规范。In the court of law in Qing Dynasty, there were many especial judicial responses to women. Firstly, the judges usually were cautious about the petitions which were related to women. Secondly, the cases were usually settled without an open trial to avoid the appearance of women in the court. Thirdly, during the trial, female were not put in detention or tortured arbitrarily by judges. Fourthly, the judges were serious and solemn when they interrogated women. Lastly, penalties applied to women were different fi＇om men. The main reason was to protect women. But, limiting the entry of women into litigation in the name of protecting them was a product of re- strictive protection practice in a patriarchal society. Essentially, the self-restraint treatment of women in judicature was meant to meet and maintain the social codes of ethics formed around women.

关 键 词：清代司法 女性诉讼 涉讼女性 限制性保护 女犯 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]