脱矿牙本质基质的基本性能及制备  

Basic properties of the demineralization of dentin matrix and preparation

作　　者：熊航[1] 谢志刚[1] 鲍济波[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学附属口腔医院口腔种植修复科,昆明650031

出　　处：《国际口腔医学杂志》2016年第1期90-94,共5页International Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：云南省科技厅-昆明医学院联合专项基金(2012FB072)~~

摘　　要：骨缺损治疗需要可降解的生物相容性好的有骨诱导能力的材料,脱矿牙本质基质（DDM）就是一种理想的骨替代材料。DDM来源于人类不行使功能的牙齿,其牙本质经过脱矿、冲洗、冻干和磨碎等工序就可制备。牙本质和牙槽骨在化学成分上非常接近,这就为以DDM作为骨的支架提供了条件。骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）是一种可诱导新生骨形成的生长因子,DDM中富含BMP。DDM在诱导新生骨的形成过程中无宿主免疫排斥反应,是一种有效的生物相容性良好的骨移植材料。DDM的制备有传统制备和超声-酸蚀制备两种方法。脱矿在传统制备中就是一个好方法,脱矿后的牙本质保存了牙本质原始结构物质。粒径也是影响成骨效果的一个因素,75~500μm的粒径为多数学者所认同。在超声-酸蚀制备中,利用超声-酸蚀技术对DDM的表面结构进行改性,可有效地创造出利于细胞和生长因子吸附的表面结构。Osteoinductive bone graft substitutes with excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility are needed in bone defect treatment. Demineralized dentin matrix（DDM） is a kind of ideal bone substitute material. DDM comes from the non-functional teeth of humans. After demineralization, flushing, freeze-drying, and grinding, dentin is changed to DDM. Dentine and alveolar bone have very close chemistry, which means DDM presents strong osteogenic potential. Bone morphogenetic protein（BMP） is a type of growth factor that can induce new bone formation. DDM is formed via a complex of growth factors, such as BMP. DDM induction to form new bone yields no host immune rejection. DDM is an effective bone graft material with good biodegradability and biocompatibility. Two methods are available to prepare DDM： the traditional method and the supersonic acid-etching technique. Deminalization is traditionally effective and results in dentin with a complete structure. The particle size is a factor affecting osteogenesis effects. The majority of scholars believe that particle sizes of 75-500 μm ensure effective osteogenesis. The supersonic acid-etching technique can effectively create a surface structure that is beneficial for adsorption of bone cells and growth factors.

关 键 词：脱矿牙本质基质 骨诱导 骨形态发生蛋白 

分 类 号：R783.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]