高速紧急转向对大客车侧翻稳定性影响的研究  

Effects of Emergency Turning on the Rollover of Coach Buses under High Speeds

作　　者：曾诚[1] 吴初娜[1] 孟兴凯[1] 王艺颖[2] 

机构地区：[1]交通运输部公路科学研究院汽车运输技术研究中心,北京100088 [2]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2015年第5期71-77,共7页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：交通运输部标准计量质量研究项目(批准号:2013419223170);中央级公益性科研所基本科研业务费项目(批准号:2015-9032)资助

摘　　要：为了研究大型客车驾驶员不同的紧急转向操作对客车行驶安全性所产生的影响,利用Trucksim软件,采用仿真建模的方法,选用轮胎载荷转移率LTR作为分析指标,通过多组不同路面条件、行驶速度和转角幅度下的车辆动力学的仿真试验,定量地比对分析了不同的紧急转向操作对大客车侧翻稳定性的影响。仿真结果表明,在干燥路面上,行驶速度和转角幅度与客车的侧翻稳定性呈负相关,即行驶速度越高,转角幅度越大,LTR越趋向于1。而在湿滑路面上,行驶速度和转角幅度与客车的侧滑稳定性呈负相关,即行驶速度越高,转角幅度越大,车辆越易发生侧滑。此外,客车在第2次回转时的侧翻风险性或侧滑风险性显著高于第1次紧急转向时的风险。In order to study the effects of different emergency steering on driving safety,Trucksim software package is used to simulate its impact and the tire load transfer rates（LTR）of coach buses were analyzed.After a vehicle dynamics simulation test under multiple sets of road conditions,the effects of emergency steering under various driving speeds and steering operations on bus rollover are quantitatively analyzed.The simulation results show that the driving speed and steering rotation angle are negatively correlated with bus stability on dry pavements.The higher the speed,the greater the steering rotation angle,and LTRis closer to 1.The driving speed and steering extent are negatively correlated with bus skid stability on wet pavements.The higher the speed,the greater the steering extent,and the more the buses inclined to sideslip.In addition,the rollover risk or sideslip risk of the second turning is significantly higher than the risk of the first one.

关 键 词：交通安全 侧翻稳定性 仿真 大客车 紧急转向 

分 类 号：U471.2[机械工程—车辆工程]