可控环形动力吸振器抑制管道强迫振动的研究  

Reduction in forced vibration of a pipe by means of a controllable ring dynamic vibration absorber

作　　者：黄秀金[1] 何立东[1] 王晨阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029

出　　处：《北京化工大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期88-93,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家"973"计划(2012CB026000)

摘　　要：针对压缩机等旋转机械连接的管道系统的强迫振动,在动力吸振器减振原理的基础上,提出采用可控环形动力吸振器进行振动控制。针对某管系设计了具有相同自振频率的多个离散分布式环形动力吸振器,并建立动力吸振器-管道有限元模型进行模拟仿真同时搭建相应实验台进行验证。为了克服加动力吸振器调谐后引起的两个共振峰,设计了可控型环形动力吸振器控制管道强迫振动。模拟仿真与实验的结果表明,通过这种具有相同自振频率的多个离散分布式可控环形动力吸振器不仅能更好地适应大型管道中出现多处大振幅振动的空间条件,而且具有更稳定的吸振效果和更宽的吸振频带;高达20 Hz的带宽可有效抑制管道强迫振动,解决了单个和多重动力吸振器的失谐问题。A controllable dynamic vibration absorber is proposed to control the forced vibration of a piping system connected to rotating machinery such as a compressor,based on the principles of a dynamic vibration absorber.Separate multiple discrete distributed ring dynamic vibration absorbers with the same natural frequency for a piping system were designed,and dynamic vibration absorber-pipeline finite element models for simulation were established. Corresponding experiments were carried out to verify the model. In order to overcome the two resonance peaks caused by a dynamic vibration absorber,a controllable ring dynamic vibration absorber was designed to suppress the forced vibration of the pipe. Both the simulation and experimental results show that the dynamic vibration absorber can not only adapt to the spatial conditions of the large amplitude vibrations appearing in a large piping system,but better vibration reductions can be achieved with wider absorbing frequency bands,up to 20 Hz bandwidth. More stable effects are obtained by using separable multiple discrete distributed controllable ring dynamic vibration absorbers with the same natural frequency,which solves the detuning problem of a single and a multiple dynamic vibration absorber and allows the pipeline steady-state forced vibration amplitude to be controlled effectively.

关 键 词：可控型环形动力吸振器 强迫振动 宽频吸振 减振 

分 类 号：TB535.1[理学—物理]