骨髓间充质干细胞与新型神经导管复合材料修复周围神经缺损  

Combining bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with new nerve conduits for repair of peripheral nerve defects

作　　者：朱德志 王伯珉[2] 

机构地区：[1]菏泽市牡丹人民医院骨外科,山东省菏泽市274000 [2]山东省立医院创伤骨科,山东省济南市250000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2015年第45期7320-7324,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:随着医学模式的不断发展进步,人们对于外周神经缺损的治疗以及后期康复水平提出更高的要求,这就使得以干细胞培养为基础的神经组织工程技术为神经缺损治疗提供了新策略。目的:探讨骨髓间充质干细胞与新型神经导管复合材料修复周围神经缺损的可行性。方法:选取清洁级纯种新西兰大白兔50只,采用随机数字表法分为实验组与对照组,每组25只,于兔前肢桡骨中段约15 mm处造成外周神经损伤,造模后1周,实验组外周神经损伤处移植骨髓间充质干细胞联合新型神经导管复合材料,对照组外周神经损伤处移植骨髓间充质干细胞。移植后4周,取神经损伤处的神经纤维长约5 mm,进行苏木精-伊红染色和扫描电镜观察,对比两组再生神经组织内神经纤维的密度和直径。结果与结论:实验组神经纤维密度明显高于对照组,神经纤维直径明显低于对照组,组间相比差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);实验组再生神经组织表面细胞数较多,细胞生长状态良好,体积较大,胞体发出多个突起,并且细胞之间相互连接交织成网状,其轴突较长和较粗,呈典型的神经元样细胞表现,且生长密度和状态优于对照组,可见骨髓间充质干细胞与新型神经导管复合材料可以用于修复周围神经缺损,且效果确切。BACKGROUND： With the continuous development and progress of medical model, the treatment and rehabilitation recovery from peripheral nerve defects needs higher requirements; therefore, stem cell culture-based nerve tissue engineering technology provides a new strategy for nerve defect repair. OBJECTIVE： To explore the feasibility of combining bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and new nerve conduits to repair peripheral nerve defects.METHODS： Fifty New Zealand white rabbits, clean grade, were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 25 rabbits in each group. Animal models of peripheral nerve defects were made about 15 mm distant to the middle segment of the radius of the rabbit foreleg. At 1 week after modeling, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells/new nerve conduit composite material was implanted into the defect in the experimental group; and in the control group, only bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplantation. At 4 weeks after transplantation, a 5-mm nerve fiber was taken from the defect site, stained with hematoxylin-eosin and observed under scanning electron microscope. Density and diameter of regenerated nerve fibers were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Compared with the control group, the density of nerve fibers was significantly higher in the experimental group, but the diameter of nerve fibers was significantly lower（P〈0.05）. There were more cells with good growth, large size and many processes on the surface of regenerated nerve tissues in theexperimental group than the control group. Moreover, in the experimental group, interconnected cells were woven into a mesh and the axons were longer and thicker, both of which were the performance of typical neuron-like cells. Taken together, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells/new nerve conduit composite material can be used for peripheral nerve repair and present exact achievements.

关 键 词：骨髓 间质干细胞 周围神经 创伤和损伤 组织工程 干细胞 移植 外周神经缺损 骨髓间充质干细胞 神经纤维 

分 类 号：R394.2[医药卫生—医学遗传学]