苔藓植物生长习性与其边坡生态防护适用性研究  

Study on Bryophyte:Growth Habit and Its Applicability in Ecological Slope Protection

作　　者：梁学战[1] 曹林涛[1] 周坤伦 马进 刘心军 

机构地区：[1]湖北文理学院建筑工程学院,湖北襄阳441053 [2]襄阳市建材设计研究所,湖北襄阳441053 [3]苏州市永安工程建设监理有限公司,江苏苏州215128

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第12期117-122,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(Q20142603);湖北文理学院博士科研基金项目资助(B2014001)

摘　　要：通过对苔藓植物的持水性试验、耐高温试验、耐酸碱性试验、耐旱性试验及抗冲性试验,模拟苔藓植物在不同环境中生长适应能力及持水抗冲性能,分析苔藓植物在边坡生态防护中的可能性。结果表明:苔藓植物比草本植物有更大的持水能力,降雨过程中加强了植物蓄水保土功能;苔藓植物能很好的抵抗自然高温,高温时可失去大部分水分,条件适宜时又可迅速恢复原生命状态;弱酸性、弱碱性条件对苔藓植物的生长影响很小;苔藓植物在干旱条件下能够存活,且在适宜的生长环境中能够快速恢复正常的生长状态;苔藓植物可有效防止雨水对边坡坡面冲刷,比草有更强的抗冲性能。因此,在初期边坡防护中苔藓植物可以作为草本和木本植物的先锋植物,在不同工程边坡环境下可发挥一些其他植物无法替代的作用。Investigations of bryophyte were conducted through water absorption test,endurance tests of high temperature,acid and drought,as well as counter-flush test,on the basis of which the ability of bryophyte to adapt its growth to different environments and the performances of water-holding and counter-flush were simulated,and the applicability of bryophyte in slope ecological protection was analyzed. The investigations showed that,compared with herbs,bryophyte had greater ability to hold water,thus strengthening water and soil conservation function in the process of rainfall;and others advantages of bryophyte were the resistance to natural high temperatures,to both weak acidic and weak alkaline conditions,and to drought.Besides,bryophyte behaved excellent in effectively preventing water erosion on the slope surface,being stronger than grass in countering flush. Thus,it was suitable to use bryophyte,at the beginning of the slope protection,as a pioneer plant.Particularly,bryophyte could play a role that other plants were unable to replace under some condition in slope engineering.

关 键 词：生态护坡 苔藓植物 生长习性 抗冲性能 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学]