驾驶过程中手机使用的补偿式行为  

Compensatory Behavior of Mobile Phone Use while Driving

作　　者：王昕怡[1] 周荣刚[1] 把余韬[2] 张伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学经济管理学院,北京100191 [2]清华大学工业工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《工业工程》2015年第6期37-43,共7页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31271100)

摘　　要：驾驶员在驾车过程中使用手机会造成驾驶分心,研究驾驶中的补偿行为有助于降低驾驶分心造成的危害。通过模拟驾驶探究驾驶行为和生理指标在是否使用手机、不同路段复杂程度、不同驾驶员类型中的差异,从而使驾驶员注意到驾驶中使用手机的危害并及时采取措施,弥补驾驶分心带来的危害。研究结果表明,使用手机主效应在各项指标中均呈现显著影响(P<0.001),驾驶员类型主效应在阅读短信行为中的踩刹车持续时间上存在显著影响(P<0.01),使用手机与驾驶员类型交互作用在接听电话行为的心率、阅读短信行为中的平均速度、踩刹车持续时间和心率上存在显著影响(P<0.05)。比起接听免提电话,阅读短信时采取补偿行为的幅度更大(P<0.05);驾驶员比学员采取补偿行为的幅度更大(P<0.05)。Using mobile phone while driving would lead distraction,and drivers may use compensatory behavior to recover the damage caused by the distraction. This report is a driving-simulation-based study,using repeated measures analysis of variance to explore the difference of driving behavior and psychological signal in using mobile phone or not,different road complexity and different types of drivers. Experimental results suggested that 1） the main effect of using mobile phone on each indicator was significant（ P〈0. 001）,2） the main effect of types of drivers on braking duration while reading messages was significant（ P〈0. 01）,3） the interaction between using mobile phone and types of drivers had influence on heart rate while answering phone calls,average speed,braking duration and heart rate while reading messages（ P〈0. 05）,4） there were no other significant interactive effect（ P〉0. 05）. Further analysis indicated that compared to answering hand-free phone,participants engaged in compensatory behavior more while reading messages（ P〈0. 05）. In addition,drivers engaged more rather than students drivers（ P〈0. 05）.

关 键 词：模拟驾驶 手机使用 补偿行为 

分 类 号：TB18[一般工业技术] B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]