基于GIS的新城区水文参数自动提取及应用  

Automatic extraction and application of hydrological parameters in new town based on GIS

作　　者：刘德儿[1,2] 袁显贵 沈敬伟[4] 张刚华[1] 姚旭炜 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学建筑与测绘工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]流域生态与地理环境监测国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室,江西南昌330029 [3]珠海大横琴科技发展有限公司,广东珠海519000 [4]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《工程设计学报》2015年第6期552-561,共10页Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41361077;41301417);江西省科技厅对外合作项目(20133BDH80016);江西省教育厅基金项目(GJJ13431);江西省重大生态安全问题监控协同创新中心资助项目(JXS-EW-00);流域生态与地理环境监测国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室资助课题(WE2015018)

摘　　要：传统雨水管网规划与设计中,雨水汇水区主要依据道路网进行概化,不能根据地形自适应地划分,划分后的水文参数计算结果往往和实际情况有出入,针对此,提出了一种基于GIS的水文参数自动提取方法.结合城市开发后的下垫面情况和城市规划设计基础数据,构建顾及路网的地表DEM,运用GIS水文分析工具和GIS空间分析工具自动提取模拟地表的水文参数,并利用GIS几何网络组件构建带权有向雨水排水网络,运用SWMM模型进行降雨径流模拟和管段淹没分析,从而得到雨水管网平面布局最优方案.实验结果表明,使用该方法得到的雨水管网设计方案明显优于传统设计方案.In view of the traditional rainwater pipe network planning and design,most rainwater catchments were classified by the road network not divided according to the terrain characteristics adaptively,which leading to the results that the hydrological parameters often differed from the actual situations.A method was proposed to automatically extract the hydrological parameters by GIS.First,the DEM was built.It took the road network into account,and integrated with city planning data and the condition of developed city bottom.Then,the hydrological analysis tools and spatial analysis tools of GIS were employed to automatically extract the hydrological parameters based on the simulation terrain.Under the hydrological parameters and road weight,the geometric network tool of GIS was used to build directed network of rainwater drainage system.At last,SWMM was used to simulate the rainfall and analyze which pipe was being flooded,and then the best case of rainwater pipe network was given.The test results show that the rainfall pipe network designing scheme obtained from this method is clearly better than the traditional designing scheme.

关 键 词：水文参数 新城区 雨水管网 地理信息系统 暴雨管理模型 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] TU992[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]