雷达作业环境电磁辐射场强分布特点与防护对策研究  

Studies of Field Strength Distribution and Protection Strategy on Electromagnetic Radiation of Radar

作　　者：王修德[1] 李奇慧[1] 唐木涛[1] 王骞[1] 顾恰敏 

机构地区：[1]济南军区联勤部疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2015年第3期193-195,198,共4页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：济南军区医学科研计划课题(J1152048)

摘　　要：目的了解雷达作业时电磁辐射场强分布特点,为制定卫生防护对策提供依据。方法按照军用标准有关电磁辐射测量方法,使用电磁辐射场强仪对雷达站作业区和周围环境进行检测评价,计算天线主波束影响范围和安全距离。结果 5个雷达站作业区机房内有2个检测点、机房外有3个检测点超过职业暴露限值,生活区1个检测点超过环境容许值;雷达周围建筑物均符合主波束安全距离要求。结论雷达站内辐射主要来自发射设备的泄漏,站外辐射主要来自天线的主波束和副波束影响,随天线旋转而变化。防护对策应包括天线架设、分区管理、设备维护和职业健康监护等。Objective To investigate the electromagnetic radiation distribution of radar for establishing hygienic protection strategy. Methods The power densities were measured in work areas and surroundings of radar stations by electromagnetic field meter according to the relative military standards,and the safe distances from antenna systems were calculated. Results The power densities of 2 points inside radar rooms and 3 points outside rooms exceeded the exposure limits in work areas,while 1point in inhabitant areas exceeded the environment limits in 5 radar stations measured. All buildings surrounding radar stations met the requirements of safe distances. Conclusion The radiation in radar room is mainly from the radar equipment leak. But in surrounding environment,the radiation comes from antenna,and varieties with the antenna rotating. The protection strategy should include antenna construction,work- area management,equipment safeguard and occupational health guard.

关 键 词：雷达 电磁辐射 场强 防护 

分 类 号：TL751[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]