污染场地修复的行为责任和状态责任  

Behavior Liability and State Liability of Contaminated Site Remediation

作　　者：胡静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第6期129-137,共9页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：中国政法大学2011年校级人文社会科学研究项目(11ZFG82005)

摘　　要：根据多个国家和台湾地区的立法例,污染场地修复私人责任主体包括污染者和污染场地权利人。行政机关基于及时且有效修复污染场地的目的,有权命令污染场地权利人承担修复责任,污染场地权利人担责后可以向污染者追偿。污染者是终局责任人,其基础是因果关系和与人的连接,属于行为责任,体现污染者负担原则。污染场地权利人在时间上往往作为第一责任人,其基础是对场地的管领力和对物的连接,属于状态责任,体现场地控制者负担原则。污染者负担是首要的,场地控制者负担是补充性的,在适用污染者负担原则存在困难情况下,适用场地控制者负担原则。According to the legislative clauses and case law of many countries and the Taiwan region,the private responsible parties of the contaminated site remediation generally include polluter and holder of the contaminated site. The holder of the contaminated site is considered to bear the first liability while the polluter bears the ultimate liability. The holder of the contaminated site usually assumes unreal joint and several liability. There are two principles to judge the range of the private: responsible parties. One is Polluter Pays Principle,and the other is Site Controller Pays Principle. Causation is the basis of Polluter Pays Principle which is connected with humans and belongs to behavior liability; while the ownership and possession of the site is the basis of Site Controller Pays which is connected with object and belongs to state liability. Polluter Pays Principle takes primarily and Site Controller Pays Principle works as supplementary,that is,Site Controller Pays Principle can be applied in case it is difficult to apply Polluter Pays Principle. The sequence of the two principles decides priority of behavior liability to state liability.

关 键 词：污染场地 责任主体 行为责任 状态责任 连带责任 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]