施肥量对福州平原稻田CH_4和N_2O通量的影响  

Effect of fertilization rate on CH_4 and N_2O emission in paddy fields in Fuzhou plain

作　　者：纪钦阳 张璟钰 王维奇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学地理研究所 [2]福建师范大学生态地理过程教育部重点实验室,福建福州350007

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2015年第4期246-253,共8页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31000209);福建省科技厅重点项目(2014Y0054);福建省公益类研究所专项(2014R1034-3)资助;福建省自然科学基金(2014J01119)资助

摘　　要：为阐明施肥量对福州平原稻田CH_4和N_2O排放的影响,以不施肥处理为对照(CK),采用静态箱—气相色谱法,分析了常规施肥和倍增施肥稻田CH_4和N_2O通量及其影响因子。结果表明,CK、常规施肥和倍增施肥处理下稻田CH_4累积排放量依次为7.67、9.23和10.69 g·m^(-2),平均通量依次为3.47、4.18和4.84 mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),倍增施肥显著促进稻田CH_4排放(P<0.05);稻田N_2O排放量依次为-0.03、-0.05和-0.06 mg·m^(-2),平均通量依次为-13.99、-22.77和-28.10μg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),施肥量对N_2O排放的影响不显著(P>0.05)。电导率与稻田CH_4通量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);常规施肥电导率与稻田N_2O通量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。土壤p H、Eh、温度和含水率等环境因子与不同施肥处理下稻田CH_4和N_2O排放量相关性存在差异。CK、常规施肥和倍增施肥观测期内所产生的综合增温潜势分别为2 515.03、2 989.07和3 450.45 kg·hm^(-2),倍增施肥处理显著提高稻田温室气体综合增温潜势。In order to determine the environmental effect of fertilizer rates, CH4 and N20 emissions from paddy fidds in Fuxhou Plain under three realizer regimes, namely, no fertilization （ CK）, normal rate of fertilization （ Treatment Ⅰ ） and double rate of fertilization （ Treatment Ⅱ ）, were measured using the static chamber-gas chromatograph technique. The results showed that： （ 1 ） the accumulated CH4 emission fluxes was 7.67, 9.23, and 10.69 g· m-2 for CK, Treatment I , and Treatment Ⅱwith average CH4 emis- sion fluxes of 3.47, 4.18, and 4.84 mg·m-2· h-2, respectively. （2） Double rate of fertilization significantly enhanced CH4 emis- sion （P〈0.05）. （3）The accumulated N20 emission volume was -0.03, -0.05, and -0.06 mg· m-2 for CK, Treatment I, and Treatment II with the average N20 emission fluxes of -13.99, -22.77 , and -28.10 ug · m-2· h-l, respectively. （4）N20 emission rate from the paddy fields under different treatments were not significantly different （P〉0,05）. （5）A highly significant correlation was found between CH4 emission and soil electric conductivity （P〈0.01） under all fertilizer regimes; but a negative correlation was found between N20 emission and soil conductivity （P〈0.05） under normal rate of fertilization. Therefore, different correlation coef- ficients were found between CH4 and N20 emission volumes under different fertilizer treatments and environmental factors such as soil pH, Eh, temperature, and water content. And lastly, （6） compounded greenhouse （warming） effect was 2 515.03, 2 989.07, and 3 450.45 kg·hm-2, respectively, for CK, Treatment Ⅰ , Treatment Ⅱ, respectively. It was obvious that Treatment Ⅱ （double rate of fertilization） had enhanced significantly the compounded greenhouse warming potentials in paddy fields.

关 键 词：CH4 N2O 施肥 稻田 福州平原 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]