介电高弹体的材料、结构和器件力学（英文）  

Mechanics of dielectric elastomers: materials, structures, and devices

作　　者：Feng-bo ZHU 

机构地区：[1]Department of Engineering Mechanics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China [2]Soft Matter Research Center,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China [3]Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China

出　　处：《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》2016年第1期1-21,共21页浙江大学学报（英文版）A辑（应用物理与工程）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11321202);the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LR16A020001)

摘　　要：目的:介电高弹体是典型电敏性材料,在外加电场的作用下会产生大的变形,这一特点使其成为人工肌肉致动的理想材料,近年来引起研究者的广泛关注。本文着重介绍介电高弹体的基本力学理论和方法,旨在为相关材料、结构和器件的设计提供参考,也有助于不同专业背景的研究者了解并开展介电高弹体的相关研究。概要:本文介绍了近年来关于介电高弹体力电耦合问题的一些理论和数值研究,重点包括力电耦合的控制方程、材料本构关系、粘弹性响应、力电失稳以及致动器设计等方面。文中讨论了基于非平衡热动力学的介电高弹体力学模型处理复杂构型或与时间相关变形时常被采用的数值方法,优化介电高弹体致动极限的力学设计,以及介电高弹体力电响应在典型致动器中的应用。Dielectric elastomers （DEs） respond to applied electric voltage with a surprisingly large deformation, showing a promising capability to generate actuation in mimicking natural muscles. A theoretical foundation of the mechanics of DEs is of crucial importance in designing DE-based structures and devices. In this review, we survey some recent theoretical and numerical efforts in exploring several aspects of electroactive materials, with emphases on the governing equations of electromechanical coupling, constitutive laws, viscoelastic behaviors, electromechanical instability as well as actuation applications. An overview of analytical models is provided based on the representative approach of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, with computational analyses being required in more generalized situations such as irregular shape, complex configuration, and time-dependent de- formation. Theoretical efforts have been devoted to enhancing the working limits of DE actuators by avoiding electromechanical instability as well as electric breakdown, and pre-strains are shown to effectively avoid the two failure modes. These studies lay a solid foundation to facilitate the use of DE materials, structures, and devices in a wide range of applications such as biomedical devices, adaptive systems, robotics, energy harvesting, etc.

关 键 词：人工肌肉 智能材料 介电高弹体 力电耦合 本构关系 粘弹性 力电失稳 致动 

分 类 号：O33[理学—一般力学与力学基础] O39[理学—力学]