4种微肥对番红花生长、品质及产量的影响  

Effects of four microelement fertilizer on growth,quality and yield in Crocus sativus L.

作　　者：张衡锋[1,2] 张焕朝[1] 韦庆翠[2] 李成忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037 [2]江苏农牧科技职业学院园林园艺系,江苏泰州225300

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第1期169-173,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：泰州市科技计划项目(TN201321);江苏农牧科技职业技术学院创新项目(201412806063X)

摘　　要：为探明大田条件下铁、锌、锰、铜4种微量元素对番红花生长、品质及产量的影响,采用叶面喷施的方法,比较不同种类和浓度的微肥处理对番红花叶片光合特性、仔球中碳水化合物的积累及种球产量的影响。结果表明:叶面喷施适量微肥可显著提高叶片净光合速率,尤以Zn肥影响最显著,增强了叶片的"代谢源"能力;适量喷施4种微肥均可极显著增加仔球的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和淀粉含量,也增强"代谢库"的功能,进而显著增加仔球产量和总数。施肥量以喷施020%铁、010%锌、012%锰和010%铜的处理效果为最佳;但过量施用会产生负效应,抑制番红花的生长,并降低其品质和产量。This study aimed to discover the effect of four microelement fertilizers such as iron, zinc, manganese, copperon the growth, quality and yield of the saffron in the field. Foliage spray was applied to compare the effect of differentfertilizers with various concentritions on the photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of crocus. The accumulation of carbo-hydrate in bulb and its bulb yield was also studied. The result showed that foliage spray of four microelement fertilizers,especially with zinc fertilizer, significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate of leaves and enhanced the ability of met-abolic source. The content of soluble sugar, protein and starch in new-born corms, and corm yield increased significantlyafter application of microelement fertilizers, and the ability of metabolic pool was strengthened. However, excessive ap-plication of these microelement fertilizers would inhibit the growth of saffron, lower its yield and quality. Therefore,suit-able application of four microelement fertilizers could promote the growth of saffron,and improve its quality quantity.Moreover, spraying of 0.2% iron, 0.1% zinc, 0.12% manganese and 0.1% copper would achieve the best quality andyield of corms.

关 键 词：番红花 微肥 仔球品质 仔球产量 叶面喷施 

分 类 号：Q945.1[生物学—植物学]