高效纤维素分解菌群及锯末对动物粪便降解纤维素酶活与除臭效果的影响  

Effects of cellulose-decomposing microbes and sawdust on cellulose enzyme activity and odor during animal waste degradation

作　　者：黄旺洲 张生伟[1] 滚双宝[1] 姚拓[2] 朱建勋[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2016年第1期186-194,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：科技部支撑计划(2012BAD14B10);甘肃省科技创新项目(GNCX-2009-13);甘肃省科技创新项目(GNCX-2012-45);兰州市人才创新创业科技计划项目(2014-RC-83)

摘　　要：以自主培养的高效纤维素分解菌群和动物粪便为材料,设定锯末和菌群两个因素,以动物粪便中不加锯末和菌群为对照,采用2×4两因子试验设计,运用DNS法和硼酸、锌铵络盐吸收法,通过测定添加高效纤维分解菌(5%)对猪粪和牛粪降解过程中含水率、p H的变化,及添加菌群与添加不同比例锯末(0、5%、10%、15%)降解过程中酶活力和NH3、H2S的释放量,研究高效纤维素分解菌群对动物粪便降解效果的影响。结果表明:接种菌群的处理能够使不加锯末猪粪与牛粪的处理组含水率迅速下降,有效降低p H,并能使CMC(羧甲基纤维素)酶活力保持较高水平,且能明显降低NH3与H2S的释放量;锯末降低了CMC酶活力;添加菌群及10%锯末的猪粪与牛粪降解过程中,CMC酶活力升高,最大时分别达到2.54、2.33 mg·m L-1,且减少了NH3与H2S的释放。Nowadays, disposing and utilizing recalcitrant materials in animal waste have drawn wide attention because of low resource uti- lization and serious environmental pollution in China. Recent research has showed that adding microbial inocula and bulking agents can im- prove utilization of animal wastes and maximize resource recycling. In this study, effects of cellulose-decomposing microbes on animal wastes was studied by using ＂2x4 experimental design＂ with sawdust and microbe additions as two factors, and animal waste alone as a con- trol. Carboxymethyl cellulose（CMC ） activity and NH3 and H2S releases were measured by DNS, boric acid, and zinc amine complex salt absorption methods, respectively. Results showed that CMC enzyme activity was reduced by sawdust alone, but was increased by the treat- ment with 5% cellulose-decomposing bacteria and 10% sawdust, with the maximum CMC enzyme activity of 2.54 mg·mL-1 and 2.33 mg· mL-1 for pig manure and cow manure, respectively. Amount of NH3 and H2 releases was decreased.

关 键 词：纤维素分解菌群 锯末 动物粪便 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]