不同Waxy蛋白亚基型小麦胚乳淀粉粒度分布特征  

Size Distribution of Starch Granules in the Endosperm of Wheat with Different Waxy Protein Subunits

作　　者：张敏[1] 刘希伟[1] 赵城[1] 宋霄君 戴忠民[2] 蔡瑞国[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院生命科技学院,河北秦皇岛066600 [2]德州学院生物系

出　　处：《河北科技师范学院学报》2015年第4期47-54,共8页Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:31201157);河北省自然科学基金项目(项目编号:C2015407061);河北省教育厅优秀青年基金项目(项目编号:Y2012032)

摘　　要：选用11个不同Wx蛋白亚基型小麦品种,研究小麦淀粉粒数目、体积和表面积分布特征及其与直链淀粉含量之间的关系。结果表明,小麦胚乳淀粉粒的粒径范围为0.4~48μm,且最大粒径存在品种间差异。小麦淀粉粒数目分布呈单峰曲线变化,峰值粒径小于1μm;B型淀粉粒（粒径〈10μm）占淀粉粒数量的99%以上,A型淀粉粒（粒径≥10μm）占淀粉粒数量不足1%。小麦淀粉粒体积分布呈双峰曲线变化,峰值粒径分别位于4.0~5.9μm和21.7~23.8μm,峰谷位于10μm;A型淀粉粒占淀粉体积的40.4%~61.3%,B型淀粉粒占38.7%~59.6%。小麦淀粉粒表面积分布呈双峰或3峰曲线变化,双峰曲线的峰值粒径分别处于2.1~2.8μm和19.8~21.7μm,3峰曲线的峰值粒径分别为1.2,4.9,9.8μm;B型淀粉粒的表面积（占82.0%~90.3%）显著高于A型淀粉粒（占9.7%~18.0%）。3峰曲线中的B型淀粉粒的表面积又可分为B1型（峰值粒径为1.2μm）占表面积的46.9%~47.8%;B2型（峰值粒径为4.9μm）占表面积的38.2%~39.5%。Waxy蛋白亚基的完全缺失对小麦淀粉粒的分布特征影响较大。表现为糯小麦的数量峰值粒径变大,1~10μm淀粉粒数量增加,〈1μm淀粉粒数量减少,B型淀粉粒体积和表面积增加,A型淀粉粒的体积和表面积降低。Waxy蛋白亚基的部分缺失对小麦淀粉粒的分布也存在一定影响。相关性分析表明,直链淀粉含量与B型淀粉粒的体积、表面积百分数和1~10μm淀粉粒数量百分数呈显著负相关,与A型淀粉粒的体积、表面积百分数和〈1μm淀粉粒数量百分数呈显著正相关。直链淀粉含量与A型淀粉粒的数量百分数相关不显著。In this research work,we used eleven wheat cultivars,which carried different Waxy protein subunits,to sdudy the the size-distribution characteristics of starch granules and their relationship with amylose content. The results showed that diameters of starch granules in wheat endosperm ranged from 0. 4 μm to 48μm and the maximum diameter varied with wheat cultivars. Wheat endosperm had a unimodal curve in starch granule number distribution and its peak diameter was below 1μm. B-type granules（ diameter 〈 10 μm） made up to more than 99% of the totle number of starch granules in wheat endosperm,while A-type granules（ diameter≥10 μm） only accounted for less than 1%. There was a bimodal curve in starch guanule volume distribution in wheat endosperm and the two peak diameters locateded in 4. 0-5. 9 μm and 21. 7-23. 8 μm,respectively. B-type granules contributed to 38. 7%-59. 6% of the totle volume of starch granules in wheat endosperm and A-type granules accounted for 40. 4%-61. 3%. Wheat endosperm had a bimodal or trimodal curve in starch guanule surface area distribution. In the bimodal surface-area curve,peak diameters locateded in 2. 1-2. 8 μm and 19. 8-21. 7 μm,respectively. In the trimodal surface-area curve,peak diameters were 1. 2 μm,4. 9 μm and 19. 8 μm. The surface-area percent of B-type granules（ account for 82. 0%-90. 3%） was more larger than A-type granules,（ account for 9. 7%-18. 0%） and it could be diveded into two parts in trimodal curve： B1-type granules（ peak diameter was 1. 2 μm） contributed to 46. 9%-47. 8% of the totle surface area of starch granules in wheat endosperm and B2-type granules（ peak diameter was 4. 9 μm） accounted for 38.2%-39. 5%. The size distribution of starch granules in wheat endosperm was influenced significantly by deficiency of all the three waxy protein subunits. Compared with non-waxy wheat,waxy wheat had a much larger peak diameter in the number distribution curve of starch granules. The percent of starch granules（ daimeter1-10 μ

关 键 词：小麦 Wx蛋白亚基 淀粉 粒度分布 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311