豆禾混播建植人工草地对牧草产量和草质的影响  

Effects of Legume-grass Mixed Sowing on Forage Grass Yield and Quality in Artificial Grassland

作　　者：刘敏[1] 龚吉蕊[1] 王忆慧[1] 张梓榆 徐沙[1] 罗亲普[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2016年第1期179-185,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2011BAC07B01-3);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41340015)

摘　　要：以内蒙古锡林浩特内蒙古大学草地生态学研究基地为试验样地,通过对单播和混播情况下豆科牧草和禾本科牧草产量、竞争能力、牧草营养价值等测定分析,比较不同播种方式对牧草生长的影响。结果表明:豆禾混播情况下,牧草产量有较为明显的提高,尤其是第2年混播草地中禾本科牧草的产量较第1年有了提高。在豆禾播种比例1∶2的情况下,混播牧草在一定程度上避免了种间竞争,2 a内混播草地的相对产量总值均大于1,表明其生长较为协调,豆科和禾本科牧草双方均受益。豆禾混播时牧草的营养价值有所改变,豆禾混播草地粗蛋白含量增加,粗纤维含量下降,营养价值有所提高。因此,豆禾混播草地稳定性高,牧草产量和营养价值较高,有利于大面积推广,是建植人工草地的较好选择。The grass is a very important terrestrial ecosystem,stores a large amount of soil carbon,and occupies an important position in the global carbon cycle. The planting of artificial grassland is the development of intensive grassland animal husbandry,the implementation of the important measures for the sustainable development of ecology. This study measured the forage grass yield,competitive capacity,forage grass quality of legume and grass in monoculture and mixed sowing,respectively,to determine the effects of different sowing methods on forage growth in Maodeng Pasture of Xilinhot,Inner Mongolia. The results show that forage grass yield in legume-grass mixture increased significantly compared with that in monoculture,especially the forage grass yield in the second mixed sowing year was higher than that in the first mixed sowing year. When the ratio of grass to legume is 2∶ 1,inter-species competition lowered to some extent and the relative yield total（ RYT） was larger than 1,showing that legume-grass mixture benefitted both legume and grass and enhanced the likelihood of coexistence. Forage grass quality in mixture was significantly improved with increasing in the content of crude protein,decreasing in the content of cellulose and no significant difference in the content of lignin. We conclude that legume-grass mixture sowing is a good choice to build artificial grassland due to its high stability,yield and quality so that it can be popularized extensively.

关 键 词：栽培草地 播种方式 牧草产量 营养成分 牧草品质 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]