滦河流域大中型闸坝水文生态效应  

Hydrological and ecological effects of dams in Luanhe River Basin

作　　者：刘静玲[1,2] 尤晓光[1,2] 史璇[1,2] 包坤[1,2] 孟博[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《水资源保护》2016年第1期23-28,35,共7页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家"十二五"水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07203-006);国家自然基金(41271496)

摘　　要：为揭示滦河流域水库对下游河流水文影响,辨析其生态效应,建立了流域闸坝水生态效应评估体系,运用河流影响因子（RI）法评估了闪电河、庙宫、潘家口和桃林口水库的水生态效应,进一步运用水文变化范围（RVA）法评估了潘家口水库的水生态效应。结果表明：1各水库对水文的影响程度为：潘家口〉桃林口〉闪电河〉庙宫,水库的水文效应同时受其级别（库容）和河流原始径流量影响,小型河流水库的水文生态效应不容忽视。2潘家口水库IHA指标（RVA法）总改变度为0.88,第1~2组指标发生了高度改变（0.91）,第3~5组指标发生中度改变（0.45）,强烈改变了鱼类洄游、底栖生物和植物群落等生态过程。生态水文同步监测与生态模型构建将有助于提升河流生态系统预警能力,为河流生态恢复提供科学依据和技术工具。In order to reveal the influence of dams in Luanhe River basin to hydrologic in downstream and analyze its ecological effects, water ecological effects evaluation system of dam effects in river basin was developed. RVA method was also used to assess the ecological effects of Panjiakou dam. The results are as follow ： （ 1 ） The degree of impact by each dam： Panjiakou〉Taolinkou〉Shandianhe〉Miaogong. The hydrologic impact by dams is influenced by both capacity and natural river flow. （2） Index of IHA river flow change （measured with RVA method） in Panjiakou Reservoir is 0. 88. Classes 1-2 of IliA indexes are highly changed, which is 0. 91, and classes 3-5 are moderately changed, which is 0. 45. Dams influenced fish migration, benthos, and riparian vegetation of the basin. Ecological and hydrological co-monitoring and modelling development would be helpful to improve the warning ability of river ecosystem, and provide scientific basis and technical tools for river ecological restoration.

关 键 词：滦河流域 闸坝 水文影响 生态效应评估 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]