常见马铃薯品种特性分析及加工适宜性分类  

Characteristic Analysis and Processing Suitability Clustering of Common Potato Cultivars

作　　者：杨炳南[1] 张小燕[1] 赵凤敏[1] 刘威[1] 杨延辰[1] 李树君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业机械化科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《食品科学技术学报》2016年第1期28-36,共9页Journal of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(200903043);国家马铃薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-10-P23);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31401582)

摘　　要：中国是马铃薯生产和消费大国,区域在种植马铃薯品种繁多,不同原料品质会直接影响加工制品品质及产品得率。为探讨国内常见的44个马铃薯品种差异,指导马铃薯产业原料选择与品种繁育,实验测定了8个主要品质指标,统计分析显示,不同品种的各个指标差异明显,且指标间存在显著的相关关系;为消除冗余,实验对8个指标进行主成分分析,并转化成3个主成分因子,第一主成分主要代表水分因子,第二主成分主要代表糖分因子,第三主成分主要代表蛋白质因子,这3个因子的累计方差贡献率达到75.77%,能有效反映初始指标的信息。综合各主成分因子的得分图可直观反映马铃薯原料指标间的关系,进而得出不同品种的加工或鲜食建议。采用Ward聚类方法进行系统聚类分析,将44个划分为4个类别,分析各类别间的指标差异,并与主成分分析结果进行比较,二者具有较高的一致性,可为马铃薯原料加工用途划分提供参考和借鉴。China is one of the world＇ s largest countries in potato production and consumption. Cultivar differences have significant effects on the quality and yield of potato products. In order to choose proper potato materials for optimal products＇ processing and provide guiding significance for potato processing in- dustry, 8 main quality indicators were tested based on 44 common potato cultivars in domestic. Statistics analysis showed that, there were obvious differences in indicators of different potato cultivars, and the significant correlation was found between most indicators. To reduce the redundancy, principal compo- nent analysis （PCA） was used to transform 8 original indicators into 3 irrelevant principal components. The first principal component was represented as the moisture factor. The second principal component was represented as the sugar factor. And the third component was represented as the protein factor. The cu- mulative percent of 3 principal components reached 75.77% and could effectively reflect the information of the original indicators. Based on PCA scores for 44 potato cultivars, usages of processing or fresh-eat- ing for different cultivars were suggested. Hierarchical clustering with the Ward method was used to di- vide 44 potato cultivars into 4 categories and the characteristics of each category were analyzed. The re- sult was accordant with PCA scores, and can provide references and uses for different potato cultivars.

关 键 词：马铃薯 主成分分析 系统聚类 加工适宜性 

分 类 号：TS215[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]