工程爆破对周围环境振动影响的测试与分析  

TEST AND ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENT VIBRATION INDUCED BY ENGINEERING BLASTING

作　　者：田运生[1] 左金库[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,石家庄050043

出　　处：《工程爆破》2015年第6期73-77,90,共6页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(E2011210013)

摘　　要：基于基坑三向振动速度现场测试,通过数据处理与1/3倍频分析,研究了不同距离测点的爆破振动频率特性,段药量和不同起爆网路对爆破振动频率的影响,各向振动加速度振级随距离的变化规律。结果表明,爆破地震的频率主要集中在15Hz^80Hz范围内;段药量越小,主振频率越高,主频域处于较高的频率范围,高频所占的能量比例较大;地表延时分区起爆与V型起爆相比,其质点振动加速度峰值较小,主频有明显提高,并且出现多峰;爆破引起的地面垂直方向振级大于两个水平方向振级,Z向振级为50dB^115dB,X向振级为45dB^110dB,Y向振级为40dB^105dB,随着测点至爆源距离的增大,不同方向的振级均呈现衰减趋势,同时又表现出一定的波动性,50m以内时,振级衰减较快,50m以外,振级衰减较慢。Based on the field test of three way vibration velocity in foundation pit,and dealing with data and 1/3octave analysis,the characteristics of blasting vibration frequency in different points,the effect of different doses and various ways of initiation on blasting vibration frequency,and the change rule of acceleration vibration level with the distance were researched.The results showed that,the frequencies of ground vibrations induced by blasting range from 15 Hz to 80 Hz.The less the section dose was,the higher the main vibration frequency became,and when the main frequency domain was among a higher range,the high frequency took up a large energy proportion.Compared with the V explosive initiation,the peak particle vibration acceleration for delay and subregion initiation of the earth's surface was smaller,the main frequency was greatly improved,and several wave crests were appeared.The vertical vibration level was greater than those of other two horizontal directions,which were 50dB^115dB in Z-direction,45dB^110dB in X-direction,and 40dB^105dB in Y-direction.The vibration level in every direction would reduce with the increase of distance to the explosion center.There was some volatility,the vibration level reduced faster within 50 meters,and it reduced slower over the distance.

关 键 词：工程爆破 振动频率 段药量 振级 爆破振动 振动测试 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]