珠江下游不同水体中金属元素在颗粒相和胶体相中的分布和分配  

Distribution and Partitioning of Heavy Metals in Particulate and Colloid Phases in Different Kinds of Water in the Downstream Pearl River

作　　者：唐翾 段丹丹[1] 黄文[1] 冉勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广州广东510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2015年第12期2017-2021,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-广东省自然科学基金联合项目(U1201235)

摘　　要：为了研究不同水体中重金属在颗粒相和胶体相中的分布特征,运用连续流离心机、切面流超滤分离技术(UF)和反渗透技术(RO),从流花湖公园的湖泊和珠江下游的水库、河流、河口共4种水体中分离了大量的颗粒物、胶体,然后用电感耦合等离子体/质谱(ICP-MS)对其中的重金属进行了定量分析。对比不同水体中颗粒态重金属的浓度(ng·L^(-1))的季节变化,发现春季受降水影响,重金属的浓度最高。通过比较颗粒物、UF-胶体和RO-胶体中重金属的浓度,可以得到重金属在颗粒物、不同粒径的胶体中的分布情况。结果显示富营养化程度高的湖泊水体(LHH)中,大多数重金属主要分布在颗粒相中。河口中Cr、Mn、Zn、Pb、Co、Ag、Cd这些主要由人类活动产生的重金属,受河口絮凝沉降作用的影响,主要存在于大分子颗粒相中。不同水体中重金属在两相中和在胶体中的分配情况各不相同,说明重金属在两相中的分配与颗粒物、胶体及重金属的性质有关。Continuous flow centrifugation, tangential flow ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis were used to isolate suspended particulate matter(>0.45 μm) and colloidal matter in the reservoir, river, and estuary of the Pearl River. The distribution and seasonal variation of heavy metals were also determined by inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). It was found that the concentrations(ng·L^(-1)) were the highest in spring due to the impact of precipitation. The distribution(partitioning) of metals between large colloidal or particulate phase and small colloidal phase were estimated. The results showed that most metals exit in particulate phases in the eutrophicated Liuhua lake(LHH). In this lake, metals were largely absorbed by thriving algae. In estuary water, Cr, Mn, Zn, Pb, Co, Ag, Cd generated by human activity, mainly exist in the large colloidal and particulate phases, which is also attributed to flocculation and sedimentation. The partitioning of metals is different in the investigated water, suggesting that the partitioning of metals is related to the properties of metals, particulate phase, and colloidal phase.

关 键 词：胶体 颗粒物 重金属元素 分配 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]