不同处理方式对蜜蜂采集大豆花粉的影响  

Effects of Different Treatments on Honeybee Gathering Soybean Pollen

作　　者：马卫华[1] 申晋山[1] 武文卿[1] 宋怀磊[1] 宋卓琴[1] 张旭凤[1] 邵有全[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农科院园艺研究所,太原030031

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第2期9-14,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)专项"蜜蜂授粉增产技术集成与示范"(201203080);国家农业技术体系专项资金"现代农业产业技术体系(蜜蜂)建设"(CARS-45-KXJ5);山西省科技攻关项目"蜜蜂授粉在杂交大豆制种中的应用"(20130311006-5);山西省农业科学院科技攻关项目"诱导蜜蜂采集技术及其在大豆杂交的应用"(2013gg43)

摘　　要：为增加蜜蜂访问大豆花的积极性,提高杂交大豆的结荚率,利用巢内悬挂幼虫信息素和饲喂8-Br-c GMP、豆花糖浆处理蜂群,对照组为饲喂糖浆(1:1)的蜂群。采用收集花粉、摄像观察和荧光定量的方法,对3种处理蜂群的花粉重量、采集蜂数量和Amfor和Ammvl的m RNA相对表达量进行比较。采用浓度梯度筛选出的400 LEqu幼虫信息素和0.5 mg/L 8-Br-c GMP、豆花糖浆处理蜂群,对照组大豆花粉重量百分比为3.05%,3个处理组分别为10.42%、8.53%和5.99%,400 LEqu幼虫信息素、0.5 mg/L 8-Brc GMP与对照组之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。采集大豆花粉的蜜蜂数量百分比,对照组为55.09%,3个处理组均高于对照组,处理组之间均不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。3种处理方式均可以提高蜜蜂采集大豆花粉的积极性,提高采粉蜂的数量,增加访问大豆花的机率。To increase the visiting enthusiasm of honeybee to soybean flowers and improve the podding rate of hybrid soybean, hanging brood pheromone, feeding 8-Br-cGMP and soy flower syrup in nest were used to treat bee colony, the control group was feeding syrup （1：1）. By gathering pollen, video observation and quantitative real-time PCR, soybean pollen weight percentage, bee percentage of collecting soybean pollen and relative quantitative expression of Am for and Ammvl mRNA of the three methods were compared. The results showed that the concentration of 400 LEqu brood pheromone and 0.5 mg/L 8-Br-cGMP was selected, and soy flower syrup was used to deal with the colony. The soybean pollen weight percentage of the control group was 3.05%, and that of the three treatments was respectively 10.42%, 8.53% and 5.99%. 400 LEqu and 0.5 mg/L 8-BrcGMP were significantly different from the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Honeybees proportions on soybean flowers among foraging pollen honeybees of the control group was 55.09%, and those of the three treatments were higher than that. There was no significant difference between the treatment groups and control group （P 〉 0.05）. The three kinds of treatments can improve the visiting enthusiasm of the honeybees to soybean flowers and the number of honeybee who collect the soybean pollen, thus increase the visiting probability on soybean flowers.

关 键 词：蜜蜂 大豆花粉 幼虫信息素 8-Br-cGMP 豆花糖浆 

分 类 号：S897.3[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]