太湖银鱼种类分布、种群生物学及捕捞量初步分析  

Primary Analysis of Species Distribution, Population Biology and Catches of Icefish in Taihu Lake

作　　者：张敏莹[1] 徐东坡[1] 周彦锋[1] 方弟安[1] 段金荣[1] 刘凯[1] 李梦珂[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心/农业部长江下游渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,江苏无锡214128 [2]南京农业大学渔业学院,江苏无锡214128

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2016年第2期15-19,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目"太湖银鱼的种群动态及种质现状研究"(2013JBFM07);国家科技基础条件平台建设运行项目"长江下游水产种质资源标准化整理;整合与共享"(2015DKA30470-003)

摘　　要：为掌握太湖银鱼的种类分布、种群生物学和捕捞量现状，通过抽样调查、生物学测量及基于捕捞日志的捕捞产量统计分析，对太湖银鱼进行了初步研究。研究结果表明，太湖有3种银鱼，分别为大银鱼、陈氏短吻银鱼和乔氏短吻银鱼，陈氏短吻银鱼所占比例最高，3种银鱼的空间分布不均匀。冬季（12月份）生物学测定表明，大银鱼平均体长为102．7～160．8mm，平均体重3．0～15．4g；短吻银鱼春群平均体长为69．3～71．6mm，平均体重为0．9～1.3g；短吻银鱼秋群平均体长为30．5～44．2mm，平均体重为0．1-0．2g；每100g短吻银鱼中春群占62．7％～96％，太湖短吻银鱼以春群为主；2010-2013年太湖银鱼捕捞量为1185～2052t，年间变化较大。本研究获得了关于太湖银鱼的最新基础数据，为加强太湖银鱼的保护和利用提供了有力支撑。In order to know the species distribution, population biology and catches of icefish in Taihu Lake, studies were carried out by the survey of six sampling sites in Taihu Lake. The results showed that there were three species of icefish which were Protosalanx hyalocranius, Salangichthys jordani and Salangichthys tangkahkeii, and Salangichthys tangkahkeii had the highest proportion. Spatial distribution of the three species was not uniform. Values of biological measure in winter （December） showed that the average body length of Protosalarax hyalocranius was 102.7-160.8 mm and its average weight was 3.0-15.4 g. The average body length and the average weight of Salangichthys spring stock was 69.3-71.6 mm and 0.9-1.3 g, respectively. And the average body length and the average weight of Salangichthys autumn stock was 30.5-44.2 mm and 0.1-0.2 g, respectively. 62.7%-96% Salangichthys individuals belonged to the spring stock, which indicated that spring stock was the dominant stock of Salangichthys in Taihu Lake. The catches of ieefish from 2010 to 2013 were 1185-2052 t with a sharp annual change. The study obtained the latest basic data of icefish in Taihu Lake and provided reference for the conservation and utilization of icefish resources in Taihu Lake.

关 键 词：太湖银鱼 种类分布 种群生物学 捕捞量 

分 类 号：S965.224[农业科学—水产养殖]