火龙果液体授粉组合的优化及其效应研究  

Composition Optimization of Pollen Liquid for Hylocereus undatus and Its Pollination Efficiency

作　　者：匡石滋[1] 田世尧[1] 段冬洋[1] 凡超[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所农业部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2016年第1期70-74,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东省科技厅星火计划项目(No.2013B020411002);广东省中山市科技计划项目(No.2013A3FC0235)

摘　　要：为提高火龙果授粉效果,以白肉火龙果花粉和红皮红肉火龙果花粉为试材,进行了火龙果花粉液组分的优化研究和火龙果液体授粉效应试验。结果表明:火龙果花粉液最优组分为葡萄糖100 g/L+硼酸70 mg/L+硝酸钙80 mg/L+脯氨酸0.8 g/L。使用该花粉液组分,并加入2.5%花粉量进行授粉试验,坐果率和单果重分别比自然授粉处理提高14.4%和36.95%,种子数与1.5%液体授粉处理、人工毛笔点授处理和自然授粉处理相比分别提高39.75%、54.69%和92.01%,且差异均达显著水平;火龙果液体授粉不仅能显著提高火龙果坐果率,而且能促进果实发育,提高单果重和果实品质,是提高火龙果产量和经济效益的一项有效技术措施。In order to improve the pollination efficiency, experiments on composition optimization of pollen liquid for H. undatus and the pollination efficiency were conducted by using white type of H. undatus pollen and red type of H. undatus. Results showed that the optimal compositions of pollen liquid were 100 g/L glucose ＋ 70 mg/L boric acid ＋ 80 mg/L calcium nitrate ＋ 0.8 g/L praline. Liquid pollination treatment with this pollen liquid and 2.5% pollen quantity, fruit setting rate and single fruit weight increased 14.4% and 36.95%, respectively, and seed number, 1.5% liquid pollination treatment and artificial brush pollination significantly increased 39.75%, 54.69% and 92.01%. Liquid pollination not only improves the fruit setting rate of H. undatus, but it also promotes fruit development and increases its single fruit weight and fruit quality. It is an effective technical measure to increase the yield and economic efficiency of H. undatus.

关 键 词：火龙果 花粉液组分 优化 液体授粉效应 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]