舰艇电气设备中簧片式触点开关冲击响应分析  

Shock response analysis for reed contact switches in naval ships' electrical equipment

作　　者：闫明[1,2] 刘栋[1,2] 张磊[2] 温肇东[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,沈阳110870 [2]海军装备研究院,北京100161

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2016年第1期183-187,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：中国博士后基金(2014M562622);航空科学基金(201404Q5001)

摘　　要：簧片式触点开关广泛应用于舰艇的电气设备中。舰艇受到爆炸冲击时,簧片式触点开关易发生断路或簧片产生塑性变形,影响设备的可靠性,危害舰艇的安全。为了校核簧片式触点开关的抗冲击能力,首先对处于闭合状态的簧片式触点开关进行接触模态分析,然后对其施加多种典型冲击载荷并采用Bathe复合积分法开展计算,最后通过提取动、静触头之间的接触力来判断簧片式触点开关是否发生断路,同时观察簧片根部在冲击载荷下是否发生塑性变形。研究发现:动、静触头之间的接触力在冲击载荷作用时波动剧烈,而在自由振动时则呈现出明显的周期性,且振动频率接近一阶固有频率;在幅值相同的情况下,高频冲击载荷更容易诱发剧烈的接触颤振而断路,低频冲击载荷会使簧片根部的应力较大而塑性变形。讨论了负波延迟对冲击响应的影响,提出了改善簧片式触点开关抗冲击能力的措施。Reed contact switches are widely used in the naval ships＇ electrical equipment. When subjected to explosion impact, a reed contact switch tends to turn-off or the reeds produce plastic deformation to affect the reliability of equipment and endanger the safety of ships. To check the shock resistance ability of a reed contact switch, the contact modes of the closed switch were analyzed firstly, and then its responses under several typical impact loads were calculated with Bathe composite integration method. Finally, whether the reed contact switch became open circuit was determined by extracting the contact force between the dynamic contactor and the static contactor, while whether the reeds plastically deformed under impact loading was observed. It was shown that the contact force between contactors fluctuates under impact loading while there is a clear periodicity in its free vibration with the vibration frequency close to its first-order natural frequency; in the case of the same amplitude, higher frequency impact loads are more likely to cause violent contact chatter and broken circuit, while lower frequency impact loads cause the larger stress and plastic deformation at the root of reeds. The influence of negative wave delay on the shock response was discussed, and measures to improve the reed contact switch＇s shock resistance ability were proposed.

关 键 词：触点开关 舰艇设备 冲击 接触特性 负波延迟 应力响应 有限元法 

分 类 号：TG115.56[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]