天津市居民膳食能量与膳食构成现状及变化的研究  

Study on the status and change for dietary energy and pattern in Tianjin residents

作　　者：李静[1] 常改[1] 潘怡[1] 辛鹏[1] 朱传芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心非传染病预防控制所营养科,天津300011

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第1期38-41,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家卫计委行业重大专项:中国居民营养与健康状况监测(2010-2012年)

摘　　要：目的分析天津市居民膳食能量与膳食结构构成现状及变化趋势,为营养干预措施及政策制定提供数据信息及依据。方法利用2010-2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据进行分析。膳食调查采用连续3 d 24 h回顾法及调味品称重法。全市城区、郊区、农村共536户1 268人。结果天津市居民每标准人日能量摄入2 208.48 kcal,基本达标。蛋白质、脂肪供能比分别为13.05%、35.80%;脂肪供能比较2002年略上升。谷类供能比明显偏低(49.74%),动物性及纯热能食物供能比例均偏高(16.25%、17.67%)。蛋白质摄入量高达70.20 g,来源于谷类食物的比例41.98%,较2002年蛋白质摄入量大幅上升,谷类比例略下降,且明显偏低。膳食脂肪摄入为79.53 g,较2002年增加。结论 10年来天津居民膳食能量上升,谷类供能比例明显偏低,蛋白质与脂肪摄入均明显上升,膳食模式偏离传统的谷类为主而转向以动物性及油脂等纯热能食物为主的高能量、高脂肪、高蛋白质的西式膳食模式,情况不容乐观,应采取积极而有效的措施进行干预。Objective To analyze the status and trend of dietary energy and pattern of Tianjin residents, so as to provide data and basis for carrying out nutrition intervention and policy making. Methods Data used to analyze comes from Chinese residents＇ nutrition and health status monitoring from 2010 to 2012 in Tianjin area. The 24h dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days was used in dietary survey and weighing method was used for condiment intake. The sample includes 1 268 persons from 536 families in the whole city including urban area, suburb and rural area. Results Tianjin residents＇ standard energy intake per person per day was 2 208.48 kcal, basically meeting the need. The proportion of en- ergy providing in protein and fat was 13.05% and 35.80% respectively; the energy supply proportion of fat slightly rised compared with that in 2002. The energy supply proportion of grain was obviously low （49. 74% ） ; the energy supply pro- portion of animal food and pure heat food are both on the high side （ 16.25% , 17.67% ）. The intake of protein was up to 70. 20 g and the proportion of protein from grain was 41.98% , obviously higher than that in 2002. The proportion of grain decreases and was obviously lower. The intake of dietary fat was 79.53 g, which was higher than that in 2002. Conclu- sions In recent 10 years, dietary energy of Tianjin residents rise while the energy supply proportion of grain obviously de- scends ; the intake of protein and fat both obviously increases ; the dietary pattern gradually deviates from traditional dietary pattern in grain taking. Now the pattern turns to the high-energy, high-fat and high-protein western dietary pattern with pure heat food such as animal food and oil fat and. The condition was unoptimistic and the positive and effective measure should be taken

关 键 词：营养调查 膳食结构 营养变迁 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R181.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]