扎龙湿地生态系统服务价值评价  

Evaluation of ecosystem services in the Zhalong wetland

作　　者：崔丽娟[1] 庞丙亮[1] 李伟[1] 马牧源[1] 孙宝娣 张亚琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第3期828-836,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项(201204201)

摘　　要：从避免重复计算的角度出发,将湿地生态系统服务分为最终服务和中间服务两部分,以最终服务的价值作为湿地生态系统服务的总价值。以扎龙湿地为例,其最终服务包括物质生产、土壤保持、水质净化、气候调节、固碳、调蓄洪水、大气调节、休闲旅游、科研教育和授粉服务,中间服务包括净初级生产力、营养循环、涵养水源、地下水补给和生物多样性维持服务,采用市场价值法、替代成本法和旅行费用法等生态经济学方法对扎龙湿地的生态系统服务进行了评价。结果表明,2011年扎龙湿地生态系统服务总价值为679.4亿元,中间服务价值为471.5亿元,各项最终服务的价值大小为气候调节>调蓄洪水>大气调节>固碳>休闲旅游>授粉服务>物质生产>水质净化>科研教育>土壤保持。扎龙湿地不仅是重要的蓄洪区和泥碳储存地,在区域气候调节方面也起着巨大的作用。针对扎龙湿地的管理,应该保护和恢复湿地面积,同时注意适当的增加旅游。Ecosystem service evaluations play an important role in the management and conservation of wetlands. However, current evaluation methods may count some services twice, and may not reflect the actual value of an ecosystem. In order to avoid the repeat accounting, this study divides wetland ecosystem services into ultimate services and intermediate services, and then uses ultimate services as the gross value of ecosystem services provided by the wetland. Here, we present a case study on the Zhalong wetland. The ultimate services accounted for include substance production, soil conservation, water purification, climate regulation, carbon fixation, flood regulation, gas regulation, recreation, science and education, and pollination. Intermediate services include net primary production （NPP） , nutrient cycling, water conservation, groundwater recharge, and biodiversity maintenance. The methods employed in evaluating ecosystem services include the market value method, the replacement cost method, and the travel cost method. The results indicate the gross value of ecosystem services provided by Zhalong wetland is 67.94 billion Yuan RMB, and the value of the intermediate services is 47.15 billion Yuan RMB. The ranking of ultimate services in the decreasing order is as follows ：climate regulation （420.00 × 10^8 Yuan RMB） , flood regulation （226.00 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）, gas regulation （17.35 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）, carbon fixation （8.6 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）, recreation （3.86 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）, pollination （1.74 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）, substance production （1.43× 10^8 Yuan RMB）, water purification （0.3 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）, science and education （0.08 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）, and soil conservation （0.03 × 10^8 Yuan RMB）. The findings suggest Zhalong wetland is not only essential for regulating floods and storing carbon dioxide, but also plays an important role in regulating climate change. We suggest wetland management should aim to conserve wetland areas and increase tourism development in a balanced

关 键 词：扎龙湿地 最终服务 重复计算 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]