生物质炭对果园土壤团聚体分布及保水性的影响  

Effect of Biochar Application on Soil Aggregates Distribution and Moisture Retention in Orchard Soil

作　　者：安艳[1] 姬强[1] 赵世翔[1] 王旭东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100 [2]农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第1期293-300,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：'十二五'国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B11);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2011AA100504)

摘　　要：向土壤中施用生物质炭是增加碳吸存和改善土壤理化性质的一种重要途径.利用干筛法获得土壤不同级别团聚体,探究了果园施用不同水平、不同性质生物质炭对土壤团聚体分布及其有机碳含量、土壤孔隙度和田间持水量的影响.结果表明,与不施生物质炭的处理（CK）相比,施用生物质炭在0-10 cm土层主要减少了土壤5-8 mm、〈0.25 mm团聚体含量,增加了1-2 mm、2-5 mm级别团聚体含量,其中1-2 mm团聚体随生物质炭施用量增加而显著增加.施用生物质炭使0-10cm土层土壤团聚体的平均质量直径有所减小,稳定性降低.与CK相比,添加生物质炭显著增加了土壤团聚体中有机碳含量,其中1-2 mm团聚体有机碳提高幅度最大,达70%以上.施用生物质炭显著提高了〈1 mm级别团聚体的吸湿系数,增加了土壤总孔隙度和田间持水量.Applying biochar to soil has been considered to be one of the important practices in improving soil properties and increasing carbon sequestration.In order to investigate the effects of biochar application on soil aggregates distribution and its organic matter content and soil moisture constant in different size aggregates,various particle-size fractions of soil aggregates were obtained with the dry-screening method.The results showed that,compared to the treatment without biochar（CK）,the application of biochar reduced the mass content of 5-8 mm and 〈0.25 mm soil aggregates at 0-10 cm soil horizon,while increased the content of 1-2 mm and 2-5 mm soil aggregates at this horizon,and the content of 1-2 mm aggregates significantly increased along with the rates of biochar application.The mean diameter of soil aggregates was reduced by biochar application at 0-10 cm soil horizon.However,the effect of biochar application on the mean diameter of soil aggregates at 10-20 cm soil horizon was not significant.Compared to CK,biochar application significantly increased soil organic carbon content in aggregates,especially in 1-2 mm aggregates which was increased by 〉70% compared to CK.Both the water holding capacity and soil porosity were significantly increased by biochar application.Furthermore,the neutral biochar was more effective than alkaline biochar in increasing soil moisture.

关 键 词：生物质炭 土壤团聚体 土壤有机碳 黑垆土 保水性 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]