序批式生物反应器填埋场脱氮微生物多样性分析  

Analysis on Diversity of Denitrifying Microorganisms in Sequential Batch Bioreactor Landfill

作　　者：李卫华[1] 孙英杰[1] 刘子梁[1] 马强[1] 杨强[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266033

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第1期342-349,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178229;51378268)

摘　　要：为探究序批式生物反应器填埋场脱氮过程中的微生物作用机制,本研究采用建立脱氮功能基因(amoA、nosZ)克隆文库及PCR-RFLP技术对序批式生物反应器填埋场垃圾稳定化后期的主要脱氮功能微生物多样性进行分析.结果表明,矿化垃圾反应器中检测到的氨氧化细菌存在高度多样性,大部分为未知类群,且均为不可培养菌或未经分离获得的细菌,经系统发育树分析系统内氨氧化细菌以β-变形菌门中的亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)为主;新鲜垃圾反应器中反硝化细菌种群丰富,主要有β-变形菌纲中的陶厄氏菌属(Thauera)和硫杆菌属(Thiobacillus).Thauera属在好氧条件下具有反硝化特性,Thiobacillus属中的脱氮硫杆菌(Thiobacillus denitrificans)是一种硫自养反硝化菌,可见新鲜垃圾单元稳定化后期以好氧反硝化和自养反硝化的脱氮途径为主.此外文库中检测到的一部分反硝化细菌可能归属于α-变形菌纲的慢生根瘤菌科(Bradyrhizobiaceae).A denitrification functional microorganism gene clone library（amoA,nosZ） and the PCR-RFLP technology was constructed to investigate the microbial diversity of denitrifying microorganisms in the late period of stabilization of sequential batch bioreactor landfill.The results indicated that：the bacterial diversity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the aged refuse reactor was very high,and most of them were unknown groups,also,all bacteria were unculturable or had not been isolated.The phylogenetic analysis suggested that the dominant ammonia oxidizing bacteria were presumably Nitrosomonas of β-Proteobacteria.The diversity of denitrifying bacteria in fresh refuse reactor was abundant,which mainly included Thauera and Thiobacillus of β-Proteobacteria.As Thauera sp.has the denitrification characteristics under the condition of aerobic while Thiobacillus denitrificans has the autotrophic denitrification characteristics,it was speculated that aerobic denitrification and autotrophic denitrification might be the main pathways for nitrogen removal in the fresh refuse reactor at the late period of stabilization.Additionally,another group in the gene clone library of denitrifying bacteria may be classified as Bradyrhizobiaceae of α-Proteobacteria.

关 键 词：序批式生物反应器填埋场 PCR-RFLP AMO A基因 nos Z基因 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]