87294例围产儿出生缺陷监测与分析  

Monitoring and analysis of perinatal defects in Lishui city in last decade

作　　者：张亚丽[1] 蓝菊红[1] 吕卓超[1] 肖丽华 

机构地区：[1]浙江省丽水市中心医院新生儿科,323000 [2]浙江省丽水市妇幼保健院保健部,323000

出　　处：《中华全科医师杂志》2016年第1期30-33,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practitioners

基　　金：浙江省丽水市科技局公益性项目（2013JYZB26）

摘　　要：目的了解丽水市近10年围产儿出生缺陷情况及其动态变化。方法对丽水市2005-2014年监测医院出生的孕28周～生后7d的87294例围产儿按照国家出生缺陷监测方案进行监测。结果共监测87294例围产儿，缺陷儿1914例，出生缺陷总发生率为219．3／万，出生缺陷率呈逐年上升的趋势（2009年除外）。城镇和乡村的出生缺陷发生率分别为235．1／万（737／31352）和210．4／万（1177／55942），城、乡出生缺陷率差异有统计学意义（X。=5．705，P〈0．05）。男性和女性的出生缺陷发生率分别为221．1／万（1005／45453）和212．8／万（890／41822），男女出生缺陷率差异无统计学意义（X2=0．707，P〉0．05）。657例（34．33％）出生缺陷儿在产前诊断，1257例（65．67％）在产后7d内诊断。主要出生缺陷类型为先天性心脏病、多指／趾、唇腭裂（包括唇裂、腭裂、唇裂并腭裂）、小耳、并指／趾，其中先天性心脏病每年都为出生缺陷构成比的第一顺位。缺陷儿死亡数占围产儿死亡数的32．74％（278／849），2010年起缺陷儿在围产儿死亡数中所占比例呈逐年上升趋势。结论丽水市近10年出生缺陷呈上升趋势，城镇出生缺陷率高于乡村，先天性心脏病的发生率高，出生缺陷是围产儿死亡的主要原因。Objective To analyze the dynamic changes of perinatal defects in Lishui city from 2005 to 2014. Methods According to hospital-based data, 87 294 fetuses and infants aged from 28 weeks of gestation to 7 days after birth were monitored for birth defects in Lishui city from 2005 to 2014. Results Among 87 294 perinatal infants, birth defects were found in 1 914 cases with a incidence of birth defects of 219.3/ten thousand, which was on the rise year by year except 2009. The incidence of birth defects was 235.1/ten thousand （737/31 352） in urban areas, which was significantly higher than that in rural areas （210.4/ten thousand, 1 177/55 942） （X2 = 5. 705, P 〈0.05）. The incidence of birth defects of boys and girls was 221.1/ten thousand （1 005/45 453） and 212.8/ten thousand （890/41 822）, respectively （X2 = 0.707, P 〉 0.05）. Among 1 914 cases of defects, 657 were detected prenatally and 1 257 case were detected within 7 days after birth. Congenital heart disease was the most common birth defect, followed by polydactyly, cleft lip, mierotia and syndactyly. Birth defect accounted for 32.74% （278/849） of all perinatal deaths and the ratio was on the rise since 2010. Conclusion There is an upward trend in incidence of birth defects in Lishui city in the last decade; the incidence of birth defects in urban areas is significantly higher than that in rural areas; the incidence of congenital heart disease is high, and birth defects are the main cause of perinatal death.

关 键 词：先天畸形 围产期 发生率 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]