融通法理与道体:中国文化视角  

Connecting Legal Principle and Moral Noumenon:A Perspective of Chinese Culture

作　　者：胡水君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所,研究员北京100720

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2016年第1期52-62,157,共11页Zhejiang Social Sciences

摘　　要：中国文化的根本在于其体用哲学所蕴涵的"道体"或"心体"。与"现代性"对照来看,重启道体构成为现代世界发展的一种内在需求。如果说,中国传统社会贯穿着"道体—德性—礼教"的知识结构,那么,现代社会同样实存着"道体—理性—法理"的知识结构。只是,在现代以经验和理性为主的认知条件下,个人理性和现代法理这二者与道体之间实际的体用关系经常难以被察觉。循着传统的体用哲学分析框架看,现代中国乃至现代世界需要重新考量作为"新用"的自由民主法治体制与作为"旧用"的传统德教之间的协调,也需要重视"道体"与现代"新用"之间的衔接。在文化和个体层面自觉传承心性或德性文化,在政治和国家层面基于权利打造现代国家的政治、经济、法律和社会体系,形成"道体—理性/德性—法理/德教"的复合次第结构,可谓中国"内圣外王"政治理想在现代的可能开展形式。Chinese Culture is rooted in the metaphysical moral noumenon as heart or Tao. In view of modernity and its problems, restarting the moral noumenon may be considered as an inherent demand of the development of modern world. Historically, a cultural structure of 'moral noumenon- moral will- moral education' ran through the Chinese traditional society, as does a similar cultural structure of 'moral noumenon- cognitive reason- legal principle' in the modern society. However, under modern cognitive conditions which only based on human experiences and reason, the relationship between 'moral noumenon'and 'cognitive reason- legal principle' is ignored or unknowable. From the perspective of the philosophy of noumenon and function in Chinese traditional culture, there are two points which important and necessary in present time. One is to make traditional systems of moral education as old function concert with modern secular systems of freedom, democracy and rule of law as new function. The other is to reconnect moral noumenon and modern systems as new function. It may be advisable for China to restart moral noumenon in the cultural and individual level and to construct modern systems based on natural rights in the economic,political, legal and social level, so that a compound and complete cultural structure of 'moral noumenon-moral will/ cognitive reason- moral education/legal principle' can be formed. That is a desirable approach to continue and revive the Chinese traditional political ideal of 'Sageliness Within and Kingliness Without' in the modern world.

关 键 词：法理 道德 体用 中国文化 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论]