不同依恋风格者情绪调节策略的认知神经特点  

Cognitive Neural Characteristics of the Emotion Regulation Strategies in Different Attachment Styles

作　　者：刘颖[1] 翟晶[1] 陈旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆400700

出　　处：《心理科学》2016年第1期109-115,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：情绪调节是依恋研究的重要方面。本文依托Gross的情绪调节理论和相关认知神经证据,阐述了三种依恋风格者的情绪调节特点。焦虑型依恋调节负性情绪时存在注意分配的优势和表达抑制的不足;调节正性情绪时还采用了情景选择和情景修正策略。回避型依恋调节两种效价情绪均使用了表达抑制,调节正性情绪时还使用了认知重评。安全型依恋使用认知重评、注意分配和情景修正策略,效价差异不突出。探讨依恋与情绪调节的关系,有利于改善非安全型依恋的情绪调节能力。How to regulate emotions and feelings is an important characterization of adult attachment. Adult attachment is a systematic pattern shaped by the interactive combination of the innate attachment behavioral system and the special attachment experiences. Ainsworth firstly developed the Strange Situation Test and identified three distinct patterns of attachment： anxious, avoidant and secure. Individuals with anxious attachment usually show a strong need for intimacy and are afraid of being refused. They chronically show over-activated emotional reactions that often cause concern among others. Individuals with avoidant attachment often suppress their emotions or deactivate their emotional expressions, which helps them maintain a sufficient distance from others. They have both insecure attachment and poor emotional regulation abilities. Individuals who are securely attached can effectively deal with their emotional needs; they also frequently share their feelings with others, which can promote interpersonal communication and emotion regulation. The relationship between adult attachment styles and emotion regulation is also an important part of Bowlby＇s research. Integrating with Gross＇s emotion regulation theory, this article discussed event- related potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging neural characteristics of emotion regulation among anxious attachment, avoidant attachment and secure attachment. Gross＇s theory divides the emotion regulation strategies in accordance with emotional reaction. Before the emotional reaction, it is the antecedent-focused emotion regulation, including situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment and cognitive reappraisal; after the emotional reaction, it is the response-focused emotion regulation, including expression suppression, Moreover, it is also helpful to clarify individual＇s mental characteristics by discussing the regulation of negative emotion and positive emotion. First, this article discussed the emotion regulation strategi

关 键 词：依恋风格 情绪效价 情绪调节策略 ERP FMRI 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]