正立和倒立的威胁性身体表情的识别  

The Recognition of Upright and Inverted Threat-Related Body Expressions

作　　者：何振宏[1] 赵婷[1] 张丹丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学隋绪与社会认知科学研究所,深圳518060

出　　处：《心理科学》2016年第1期158-165,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然基金(31300867;81471376);国家基础研究计划(973:2014CB744600);中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金(项目名称:身体姿势表情加工的脑机制(000022070137)的资助

摘　　要：为探索身体表情的加工时程以及加工方式是否为构形加工,采用ERP技术考察对正立和倒立的威胁性身体表情(恐惧和愤怒)的识别。行为结果发现倒置效应存在。ERP结果发现:早期阶段已有对威胁性情绪(P1)和倒置效应(N1)的加工;中期阶段主要存在对倒置效应的加工(N170);晚期阶段,威胁性情绪在正立条件上得到更多的加工(P3和LPP)。结果表明,威胁性身体表情加工有独特的时间进程,加工方式以构形加工为主。Like a human face, a human body is a reliable tool to convey emotional information in social interaction. Previous studies on human bodies have two important findings： （1） Threat-related body expressions gain more attention and processing than other body expressions. （2） The inversion effect for faces has been found for bodies, indicating that both faces and bodies are processed configurally. The configural processing of facial expression has also been confirmed. However, we don＇t know whether body expressions are also processed configurally, given that only one problematic study combined threat-related body expressions and body-inversion effect. In addition, the time course of body expression processing is still unclear. Given all that, we employed the event-related potential （ERP） technique to investigate the time-course of perceiving threat-related body expressions （fear and anger）. We also attempted to find out whether body expressions can be processed configurally. In the current study, neutral, fearful and angry body expression pictures from the Bodily Expressive Action Stimulus Test （BEAST） （de Gelder ＆ Van den Stock, 2011） were uprightly or inversely presented to 50 participants aged around 19 to 25. They were instructed to make an emotional categorization （neutral, fear or anger） to these pictures as rapidly and accurately as possible. In the meantime, the ERP data was recorded from 64 scalp sites using Ag/AgCl electrodes mounted in an elastic cap. In the ERP data analysis, components such as Pl, Nl, Nl70, P3 and LPP were mainly concerned. Behavioral results confirmed the body-inversion effect, meaning that body expressions are recognized configurally. Moreover, the results showed that threat-related body expressions elicited a larger inversion effect, which proved our hypothesis. An interesting phenomenon was that even the recognition of emotion was impaired by inversion. The performance was still more accurate than the chance level, demonstrating that feature proce

关 键 词：威胁性情绪 身体表情 倒置效应 ERP 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]