生产“社会”,还是社会的自我生产? 以一个NGO的扶贫困境为例  

Producing Society or the Self-Producing of Society? A Study of an NGO's Difficult Situation on Poverty Reduction

作　　者：孙飞宇[1] 储卉娟[2] 张闫龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学社会学系 [2]中国人民大学社会与人口学院 [3]北京大学光华管理学院

出　　处：《社会》2016年第1期151-185,共35页Chinese Journal of Sociology

摘　　要：兼具社会改造理想与实践的社会组织,会在其具体的社会行动中与既有的社会-政治结构产生何种碰撞,其结果如何,是理解公益组织社会行动的关键问题。本文从"生产社会"的议题出发,通过对一个社会公益组织的结构特征及其扶贫实践的研究发现,一个具有明确理念与行动目标,以及与之相应的严格制度建设与纪律要求的公益组织,会在具体的实践过程中遭遇到与其目标相反的种种困境。生产社会的目标可能会在组织实践中落空,而该组织甚至会逐渐成为地方社会得以再生产的空间。由此,本文试图回应公益社会实践研究中的重要观点,即实践走向"生产社会",并希望引发对行动实践效果的反思与关注。Social organizations that have both reform agendas and practice inevitably encounter conflicts with the existing social and political structure when they attempt to bring about changes. Ascertaining their status, causes and results is key to the understanding of philanthropic organizations and their social actions in the current Chinese context. To address this issue, this paper applies the ＂social production＂ perspective to examine the structural feature and poverty alleviation practice of a charity organization, which has successfully solved the entry problem and meanwhile clearly advocate and maintained its independence. Our study finds that in dealing with conflicts, the charity organization risks losing its original social change agendas and falling into a state of uncertainty, even becoming a structural space for the reproduction of local society. By placing the organization in a local social and political content and exploring the obstacles it had come across from the perspective of the relationship between society and state, we are able to examine the complexity of Chinese transitional period and the ＂self-reproduction＂ process of society. This case study mirrors the current political and social issues of Chinese society and it enables us to gain a better and more holistic understanding of the symptomatic problems and mechanisms of a transitional society.

关 键 词：生产社会 社会公益组织 扶贫 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学]