上海市浦东新区居民急性胃肠炎发生现况分析  

Current situation analysis on acute gastroenteritis illness among residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai

作　　者：陈炉[1] 张晨[2] 解辉[2] 钟亚[2] 陆雅华 沈丽娜[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200030 [2]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心学校卫生与营养食品科,上海200136

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第2期196-200,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过调查上海市浦东新区社区居民急性胃肠炎的发生现状、就诊情况及疾病负担,探讨其影响因素,为制定相关预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,于2014年4月2015年3月对1 872名浦东新区常住居民进行问卷调查。结果浦东新区急性胃肠炎的年发病率为0.20次/人年,办事人员的发病率要高于其他职业,家庭结构中有未成年人的患病率高于无未成年人的。80%的患者认为患病与不洁饮食有关。患者就诊率仅为16%,且就诊者均未进行粪检。患者用药率为60%,其中抗生素使用率为26.67%,0～17岁组和36～60岁组的抗生素使用率明显高于其他年龄组。症状持续时间平均为1.33 d,就诊者的平均花费明显高于未就诊者。结论要持续开展以人群为基础的调查监测工作,结合传统监测数据,掌握急性胃肠炎发病及疾病负担情况。根据结果评估当前管理措施,提出更有效预防措施。[Objective]To survey the prevalence,treatment conditions and disease burden of acute gastrointestinal illness（AGI）among community residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai,explore the influencing factors,and provide the scientific basis for the development of relevant preventive measures. [Methods]The questionnaire survey was performed among 1 872 residents in Pudong New Area who were collected by the multistage stratified random sampling method from April 2014 to March 2015.[Results]The annual incidence rate of AGI was 0.20 episodes per person per year. The incidence rate of office workers was higher than that of other population,and families with minors had the higher prevalence rate than hose without minors. 80% of patients believed that the disease was caused by consuming contaminated food. Only 16% of the patients have visited the hospital,and all of them have not received the stool examination. The medication rate was 60%,and the use rate of antibiotics was 26.67%,while the use rate of antibiotics in 0-17 and 36-60 year-old age groups was significantly higher than that in other age groups. The average duration of illness was 1.33 days,and the average medical expense of patients who have visited the hospital was significantly higher than that of those who have not visited the hospital. [Conclusion]It is important to continue to carry out the population investigation and monitoring,learn the prevalence and disease burden of AGI combined with previous monitoring data,and assess current measures to put forward more effective preventive measures.

关 键 词：急性胃肠炎 人群调查 流行病学 疾病负担 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]