牵引变压器套管电场分布计算与绝缘破坏分析  

Calculation of Electric Field Distribution and Analysis of Insulation Breakdown for Traction Transformer Bushings

作　　者：邓志祥[1] 彭宗仁[1] 殷凤伟 赵志强[3] 吴昊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安710049 [2]长春研奥电器有限公司,长春130113 [3]长春轨道客车股份有限公司,长春130062

出　　处：《高压电器》2016年第2期78-84,共7页High Voltage Apparatus

摘　　要：高速列车牵引变压器套管易出现绝缘击穿事故,严重影响列车的供电安全。探索牵引变压器套管的电场分布有利于找出绝缘的薄弱点。笔者结合牵引变压器套管的设计方案与安装环境,采用有限元方法计算了其电场分布,分析了电场分布规律以及制造和运行过程中各类缺陷对电场分布产生的影响。在仿真的基础上,分析了造成绝缘破坏的可能原因,并提出了优化屏蔽网和电容测试端子的绝缘结构,提高工艺水平,采用半导电材料制作屏蔽网等改进措施。Insulation breakdown accidents may happen on traction transformer bushings of high-speed train to severely harm the power supply security of the high-speed train. Exploring the electric field distribution of the bushings can help to find out the weak spot of the insulation. In this paper, the electric field distribution is calculated and analyzed with FEM method considering the design of the bushing and the installation environment.The influences of various defects in manufacturing and operation processes on the electric field distribution are investigated. Simulation is conducted to analyze possible factors causing insulation breakdown. Furthermore, some countermeasures against insulation breakdown of a traction transformer bushing are offered, such as optimizing structures of the shielding net and capacitance testing terminal, improving manufacture technique, and adopting semiconductive material for shielding net.

关 键 词：高速列车 牵引变压器套管 电场计算 缺陷 绝缘击穿 

分 类 号：U264.3[机械工程—车辆工程]