机构地区:[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心儿童与青少年精神科,200030
出 处:《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2016年第1期62-66,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
基 金:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2010CB529602);上海市科委重点项目(11411952401);上海交通大学医工交叉重点项目(YG2013ZD0503);上海市精神卫生中心特色专科建设(2013-YJTSZK-04)
摘 要:目的孤独谱系障碍(ASD)患病率日益增高,患儿父母因此承受一系列压力,严重影响家庭功能,本研究分析ASD患儿父母的人格特征及情绪障碍与其家庭功能的特点,并探讨其相关性。方法采取横断面研究,选取2010年1月至2014年1月在上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心确诊的ASD患儿,分别使用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表、艾森克人格问卷和家庭功能量表对593例患儿的父母进行评估,并使用SPSS17.0软件对评估结果进行统计学分析。结果ASD患儿父母家庭功能在问题解决维度[(2.10±0.37)分]及角色维度[(2.09-±0.27)分]得分均显著低于标准分,差异有统计学意义(t=-6.669、-18.707,P均=0.000),而沟通[(2.25±0.35)分]、情感反应[(2.38±0.40)分]、情感介入[(2.36±0.37)分]、行为控制[(2.31±0.27)分]及总的功能[(2.12±0.38)分]得分显著高于标准分,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.135、11.115、16.997、37.116、8.064,P=0.002、0.000、0.000、0.000、0.000);父母的人格特征和情绪障碍比较,母亲的精神质得分[(53.68±1.36)分]显著高于父亲[(52.65±1.17)分],差异有统计学意义(t=-13.841,P=0.000),父亲掩饰性得分[(52.27±0.79)分]则高于母亲[(52.17±0.75)分],差异有统计学意义(t=2.449,P=0.014),而母亲的抑郁焦虑情绪无论从得分比较(t=-6.276、-6.440,P均=0.000)或阳性率比较(X^2=15.893、27.592,P均=0.000)均显著高于父亲;将父母人格特征和情绪障碍与其家庭功能进行相关分析发现,多个维度(特别是父母的抑郁、焦虑情绪)与家庭功能显著相关。结论ASD患儿父母在家庭功能问题解决和角色方面表现良好,而其他维度则严重受损;父亲、母亲表现出不同的人格特征及情绪障碍,其中母亲的情绪�Objective The number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased dramatically in the past years. Parents of children with ASD usually experience a variety of chronic and acute stressors that may decrease marital satisfaction and family functioning. The aim was to explore the characteristics of parental per- sonality,mood disorders and family functions of the Children with ASD and to explore the relevance factors in order to draw out methods to improve parental family functions. Methods A cross - sectional survey was conducted and 593 outpatients with ASD diagnosed in Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine form January 2010 to January 2014 were straight into the group, their parents were tested by Family Assessment Device (FAD) ,Zung Self- Rating Depression Scale(SDS) ,Zung Self- Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ). SPSS 17.0 software was adopted to establish the database and statistical analysis. Results Ac- cording to FAD, parents of children with ASD had lower scores in problem solving [ (2.10 ± 0.37 ) scores ] and roles [ ( 2.09 ± 0.27 ) scores ] ( t = - 6. 669, P = 0. 000 ; t = - 18. 707, P = 0. 000 ) than the standard scores, while other di- mensions score were significantly higher than the standard scores in communicdtion[ (2.25 ±0.35) scores] ,emotional reaction [ ( 2.38 ± 0.40) scores ], emotional involvement [ ( 2.36 ± 0.37 ) scores ], behavioral control [ ( 2.31 ± 0.27 ) scores] and general function[ (2.12 ±0.38) scores] ,there were significant differences(t =3. 135,11. 115,16. 997, 37.116,8. 064 ; P = 0. 002,0. 000,0. 000,0. 000,0.000). For EPQ of parents, mother had obviously higher scores than father in psychoticism scale[ (53.68 ± 1.36) scores vs (52.65 ± 1.17) scores,t = - 13. 841 ,P =0. 000] ,and signifi- cantly lower scores in Lie scale [ (52.27 ± 0.79) scores vs (52.17 ± 0.75 ) scores, t = 2. 449, P = 0. 014 ]. Co
分 类 号:R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]
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