胸段硬膜外阻滞和术后镇痛对开胸术后肺功能和心电图ST段影响的评价  被引量:11

Influence of thoracic epidural anesthesia and postoperative analgesia on lung function and ST segment in electrocardiogram after thoracotomy

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作  者:陆惠元[1] 范晓琳[1] 李大江[1] 刘加洪[2] 曹倩倩[1] 

机构地区:[1]山东省青岛市中心医院 青岛大学医学院第二附属医院麻醉科,266042 [2]山东省青岛市中心医院 青岛大学医学院第二附属医院肺病研究所,266042

出  处:《中国医药》2016年第3期353-357,共5页China Medicine

摘  要:目的 探讨胸段硬膜外阻滞(TEA)和术后镇痛对开胸术后肺功能和心电图ST段的影响.方法 选取2006年9月至2014年5月在山东省青岛市中心医院择期行开胸小切口肺叶切除术肺癌合并冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者46例,完全随机分为全身麻醉复合TEA组和全身麻醉组,各23例.全身麻醉复合TEA组术中采用T5~6硬膜外穿刺,术后自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)采用0.125%左旋布比卡因+2μg/ml芬太尼加入0.9%氯化钠注射液至150 ml;全身麻醉组术中采用全身麻醉,术后自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)采用1μg/ml舒芬太尼加入0.9%氯化钠注射液至150 ml.比较2组术前2d和术后6、24、48、72 h的用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1占预计值百分比(FEV1%),FEV1占FVC百分比和最大呼气中段流率、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)以及术前2d,硬膜外麻醉后30 min和术后6、24、48、72 h时的心电图肢导联ST段改变.比较2组患者术后6、24、48、72 h安静和咳嗽时的疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、Ramsay镇静评分和患者满意度调查(PSS)评分.记录2组不良反应发生情况.结果 术前2d,2组肺功能、心电图ST段改变及SaO2比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P〈0.05).全身麻醉复合TEA组术后6、24、48、72 h的FVC、FEV1和术后24、48 h的FEV1%和SaO2均明显高于全身麻醉组同时点[FVC:(1.8±0.7)L比(1.4±0.6)L、(2.0±0.8)L比(1.4±0.6)L、(2.1±0.8)L比(1.5±0.6)L、(2.2±0.8)L比(1.8±0.7)L,FEV1:(1.4±0.6) L/s比(1.1±0.5) L/s、(1.6±0.6) L/s比(1.2±0.6)L/s、(1.8±0.7) L/s比(1.3±0.6)L/s、(1.8±0.7) L/s比(1.4±0.6) L/s;FEV1%:(58±9)%比(52±8)%、(61±9)%比(55±9)%;SaO2:(95.0±1.9)%比(93.4±2.0)%、(96.0±1.7)%比(94.7±1.6)%],差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05).全身麻醉复合TEA组硬膜外麻醉30 min后心Objective To evaluate the influence of thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) and postoperative analgesia on the lung function and ST segment in electrocardiogram (ECG) after thoracotomy.Methods Forty-six patients with lung cancer complicated with coronary heart disease who underwent elective thoracic lobectomy from September 2006 to May 2014 were randondy divided into general anesthesia combined with TEA group and general anesthesia group (23 cases in each group).In general anesthesia combined with TEA group,the epidural space T5-6 was selected for puncture and 0.125% bupivacaine + 2 μg/ml fentanyl + 0.9% sodium chloride (totally 150 ml) were used in patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA);in general anesthesia group,1 μg/ml sufentanil +0.9% sodium chloride (totally 150 ml) were used in patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA).The lung function [forced vital capacity (FVC),percentage of FEV1 and predict value (FEV1 %),ratio of FEV1 and FVC in percentage,maximal mid-expiratory flow curve] and oxygen saturation of arterial blood (SaO2) 2 d before operation,6,24,48 and 72 h after operation,the changes of ST segment in ECG 2 d before operation,30 min after epidural anesthesia,6,24,48 and 72 h after operation were compared between groups;the visual analogue scale (VAS) score at rest and cough,the Ramsay sedation score and patient satisfaction score (PSS) were assessed;the adverse reactions.Results Two days before operation,the lung function,ST segment and SaO2 two days before operation were not significantly different between groups (P 〉 0.05).The FVC,FEV1 6,24,48,72 h after operation,the FEV1 % and SaO2 24 and 48 h after operation in general anesthesia combined with TEA group were significantly higher than those in general anesthesia group[FVC:(1.8 ±0.7) L vs (1.4 0.6) L,(2.0 ±0.8) L vs (1.4 ±0.6) L,(2.1 ±0.8) Lvs (1.5±0.6) L,(2.2±0.8) Lvs (1.8±0.7) L,FEV1:(1.4±0.6) L/svs (1.1 ±0.5) L/s,(1.6±

关 键 词:开胸肺叶切除术 胸段硬膜外阻滞 自控镇痛 肺功能 心电图ST段 

分 类 号:R734.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]

 

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